Three layers of the Earth - ✔✔1. Crust- outermost layer, composed of basalt and granite.
2. Mantle- is made up of rocks.
3. Core- liquid layer, composed of iron and nickel.
Troposphere - ✔✔0-17 km above Earth's surface, site of weather, organisms, contains most
atmospheric water vapor. (temperature decreases with increasing altitude, pressure decreases)
Stratosphere - ✔✔12 to 50 km, Ozone held here, absorbs UV radiation
Mesosphere - ✔✔3rd layer of atmosphere. coldest layer
Thermosphere - ✔✔The uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as
altitude increases
Runoff - ✔✔Part of the water cycle where an excess of water runs down and does not sink into the
soil and eventually makes it to the rivers, lakes, and oceans.
, Coriolis Force - ✔✔Air tends to move from areas of low pressure to areas of higher pressure. This
air would move in a straight line, but it appears to deflect the air and cause it to swirl.
Seisometer - ✔✔Instrument used to measure horizontal or vertical motion during an earthquake.
Isotopes - ✔✔atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Radioactive dating - ✔✔A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil on the basis of
the amount of a radioactive element it contains
Meteoroid - ✔✔a relatively small, rocky body that travels through space
How are seasons created? - ✔✔The tilt of the Earth's axis
How do tides occur? - ✔✔result of the gravitational pull force of the sun and the moon on the earths
surface water
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