PA Emissions Inspection
What health problems can pollution cause? - answer Respiratory issues
What percent of air pollution is caused by vehicles? - answer20%
How much less air pollution do we have now than in the 1960s? (%) - answer98% less
What is the average thermal efficiency? (%) - answer20%
Where does 80% of the rest of the fuel go to? - answer Friction, heat, and emissions
What are the 5 major pollutants? - answer Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon monoxide (CO),
Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter
What are hydrocarbons? - answer Unburned fuel of carbon and hydrogen
What are hydrocarbons emitted through? - answer Incomplete combustion and fuel
evaporation
What are hydrocarbons caused by? - answerMisfire, rich, ignition timing, engine
deficiencies, and fuel injectors
What has lowered hydrocarbons? - answerOBD 2, component controls, fuel delivery,
ignition, emissions system, and EVAPs
Can you see or smell carbon monoxide? - answerNo
Is carbon monoxide harmful or nonharmful? - answerHarmful
How is carbon monoxide made? - answerIncomplete burning of fuel
What is carbon monoxide caused by?` - answerrich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high
fuel pressure, defective sensors, plugged PCV valve, heat riser valve stuck open, air
pump malfunction, oil diluted with gas
How is nitrogen oxide made? - answerCombustion of fuel at high temperatures
What is nitrogen oxide the cause of? - answerAcid rain
What type of health issues does nitrogen oxide cause? - answerRespiratory issues
, What is nitrogen oxide caused by? - answerlean, defective EGR, high temperature,
vacuum leaks, advance ignition timing
What can too little or too much oxygen cause? - answerImproper combustion
What is too little oxygen caused by? - answerrich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high fuel
pressure, defective sensors, restricted PCV valve, EVAP purges at idle
What is too much oxygen caused by? - answerlean, misfire, vacuum leak, exhaust leak
Where is ozone/smog made at? - answerGround level
What creates smog? - answerOxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons mixed together in
the sunlight
What health issue can smog cause? - answerDamaged lungs
What is particulates? - answerDirt, dust, etc.
How are particulates made? - answerCombustion
What is the stoichiometric level? - answer14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel
Is the mixture lean or rich during a cold start or acceleration? - answerRich
When are hydrocarbons consistent? - answer14.7:1
When are hydrocarbons high? - answerWhen rich or lean
What is 17:1 called? - answerLean misfire point
Do hydrocarbons decrease or increase at 17:1? - answerIncrease
What do hydrocarbons and oxygen make? - answerCarbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
and water
What happens when there isn't enough oxygen? - answerRich, more carbon monoxide,
less carbon dioxide
When hydrocarbons are high, what is carbon monoxide? - answerHigh
When is carbon monoxide low? - answerLean
What happens when hydrocarbons are high and carbon monoxide is low? - answerVery
lean or misfire