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Biology 101 Exam 1 Content Uw Madison Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions 100% Correct Latest Updated 2024
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Biology 101 Exam 1 Content Uw Madison Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions 100% Correct Latest Updated 2024

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Biology 101 Exam 1 Content Uw
Madison Questions And Answers With
Verified Solutions 100% Correct Latest
Updated 2024
covalent bond - ANSWER✔✔ The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two
atoms. (Ex: Hydrogen, oxygen, water, Methane)


Polar covalent bond - ANSWER✔✔ When electrons are not equally shared among
the atoms within a bond. (Ex: water) This causes a negative and a positive side of a
molecule.


Hydrogen Bond - ANSWER✔✔ A type of weak chemical bond formed when the
slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is
attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another
molecule.


Acid - ANSWER✔✔ a solution with high amounts of H+ (pH 0-6)


Base - ANSWER✔✔ a solution with low amounts of H+ (pH 8-14)


Neutral solution - ANSWER✔✔ a solution with equal parts H+ and OH; pure
water (pH ~ 7)


Buffer - ANSWER✔✔ a substance that minimizes changes in pH. (Carbonic acid)


Hydroxyl group - ANSWER✔✔ (-OH) can form hydrogen bonds with water ,
helps dissolve sugars

,POLAR POLAR


Carboxyl group - ANSWER✔✔ (-COOH) organic acid, found in acids i.e. vinegar.
is


POLAR POLAR


Amino Group - ANSWER✔✔ basic, can pick up and H+, In an amino acid


POLAR POLAR


Sulfhydryl group (-SH) - ANSWER✔✔ (-SH) Resemble hydroxyl, POLAR
POLAR


Phosphate group - ANSWER✔✔ Backbone for phospholipids, most prevalent
molecules in cell membranes


ATP - ANSWER✔✔ adenosine triphospate - 3 phosphate groups plus an
adenosine, used for energy within cells. contains a ribose sugar.


Polymer - ANSWER✔✔ a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical
building blocks (Monomers) linked by covalent bonds.


Monomer - ANSWER✔✔ the building blocks of polymers

, enzymes - ANSWER✔✔ Specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical
reactions.


Dehydration Reaction - ANSWER✔✔ when two molecules are covalently bonded
to each other, with the loss of a water molecule. One molecule sacrifices an -OH
while the other provides -H. How polymers are formed.


Hydrolysis - ANSWER✔✔ H2O is added to the middle of a polymer; one side
takes an -OH, another takes a -H


Carbohydrates - ANSWER✔✔ Include both sugars and polymers of sugars.
Include Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, polysaccharides


Monosaccharides - ANSWER✔✔ Single sugars that are in some multiple of
CH2O. Ex: C6H12O6 (Glucose). Very important in the chemistry of life.


Glycosidic linkage - ANSWER✔✔ a covalent bond formed between two
monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction.


Disaccharide - ANSWER✔✔ two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage.
Most prevalent= sucrose.


Polysaccharides - ANSWER✔✔ SERVE AS STORAGE MATERIAL OR
BUILDING MATERIAL. Macromolecules, polymers with a hundred to a
thousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages.


Starch - ANSWER✔✔ Carbohydrate, Polysaccharide, a polymer of glucose
monomers. Storage of energy in plants.

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