PHL 2200 Exam 3 Questions And Answers
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Islam ANS✔✔ 'submission' to the will of Allah and 'Muslims' are those who
'submit' to the will of Allah; There are roughly 1.5 billion Muslims in the
world
Allah ANS✔✔ the one God
bedouin ANS✔✔ Various nomadic _______ ('those who live in the desert')
'tribal' groups vied with each other for control of wells and trade routes
Al-Jahiliyah ANS✔✔ In Islamic understanding, the time before the Prophet
Muhammad in the Arab peninsula, the 'age of ignorance', mostly due to the
dominant polytheism
Muhammad ANS✔✔ ('praiseworthy') was born in 570 CE; understood to be
the 'Seal of the Prophets', the last of Allah's messengers to humanity; is
held up as moral exemplar, the ideal for human ethical behavior (and thus
worthy of imitation), but he is fully human, there is nothing Divine about
him except his vocation and the revelations given through him by Allah
Khadijah ANS✔✔ becomes the first Muslim, as she is the first to believe that
Muhammad is a prophet
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Hijrah ANS✔✔ (622) the migration of the Muslim community to Yathrib
(which will become Medina, the 'city of the prophet') as they are being
persecuted in Mecca
Sunnis ANS✔✔ 'people of the Sunnah' or 'tradition', 85% of Muslims
Rightly guided Caliphs ANS✔✔ 1. (632-634): Abu Bakr, friend and
companion of Muhammad (father of A'isha), killed in 634
2. (634-644): Umar, companion of Muhammad, expanded Muslim rule into
Persian empire
3. (644-656): Uthman, companion of Muhammad, canonizes the Qur'an
4. (656-661): Ali, cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad
Shi'as ANS✔✔ 'the party' of Ali, those who feel Ali (the cousin of the
prophet) was passed over for the Caliphate; 15% of the world's Muslims
Imams ANS✔✔ -members of Muhammad's family who succeeded him as
political and spiritual leaders; The two main sects of Shi'as disagree on the
number of Imams: hence 'twelvers' and 'seveners'
-Shi'as agree that the last Imam, referred to as the Mahdi, went into
'occultation' (hiddenness) and will return at the day of Judgment with Jesus
at his side to rid the world of evil
-they are not 'priests', they are chosen by the community to lead prayer and
to teach, any Muslim man of good standing is eligible
The Five Pillars of Islam ANS✔✔ 1) Al Shahada: the 'statement of faith'
2) Salat: the five daily prayers
3) Zakat: giving charity (alms) to the poor
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