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MICB 212 MT3 Exam Study Guide Solutions

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MICB 212 MT3 Exam Study Guide Solutions three things virus needs to be successful - ANSWER1. infect a susceptible and permissible host cell 2. replicate genome 3. survive in the environment long enough to infect a new host cell susceptibility - ANSWERability of a virus to enter a host cell (de...

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  • October 30, 2024
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MICB 212 MT3 Exam Study Guide

Solutions


three things virus needs to be successful - ANSWER✔✔1. infect a susceptible and permissible host cell


2. replicate genome


3. survive in the environment long enough to infect a new host cell


susceptibility - ANSWER✔✔ability of a virus to enter a host cell (dependent on presence of virus

receptor on the cell and anti receptor on the virus)


permissiveness - ANSWER✔✔host cell must contain everything necessary to replicate within a host cell


(+) sense RNA genome - ANSWER✔✔genomic RNA is immediately translatable by host ribosome


contains coding sequence


(-) sense RNA genome - ANSWER✔✔genomic RNA must be made into (+) sense by RDRP before it can be

translated


contains template sequence




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theories of where viruses came from (3) - ANSWER✔✔1. mobile genetic elements gained ability to exit

one cell and enter another


2. viruses evolved from cells but lost genetic material over time and resorted to parasitism


3. viruses existed as self-replicating units but evolved into three domains of life


factors contributing to rapid viral evolution (3) - ANSWER✔✔1. fast generation time


2. large number of viral particles


3 high mutation rate due to lack of proofreading machinery


mechanisms of viral evolution () - ANSWER✔✔1. mutation (snps acquisition of new nucleic acid)


2. recombination (with genome of host)


3. re-assortment (2 related viruses infect the same cell)


Baltimore classification is based on - ANSWER✔✔genome composition and route used to express mRNA


primary cell culture steps - ANSWER✔✔1. primary tissue teased apart to disperse cells


2. cells are incubated in tissue culture dish with nutrient rich media (form monolayer)


3. cells die after a few rounds of cell division




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continuous cell lines - ANSWER✔✔cell culture consisting of cells that have been merged with tumor cells

that are essentially immortal


transformation of primary cells to tumor cells can be ________ or _________ induced -

ANSWER✔✔spontaneous, chemically


cellular implications of viral infection (3) - ANSWER✔✔1. rounded edges


2. lysis


3. formation of inclusion bodies


4. neoplastic transformations


5. syntcytia formation


inclusion bodies - ANSWER✔✔aggregates of viral protein in host cytosol


neoplastic transformation - ANSWER✔✔uncontrolled cell growth as a result of viral infection


syntcytia - ANSWER✔✔formation of multi-nucleate giant cells as a result of viral infection


outcome of infection by naked virus (cell and body wide level, acute vs chronic) - ANSWER✔✔lysis of cell


if cell is routinely replaced, no permanent damage


if cell is not routinely replaced, permanent damage

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