©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NUR 160 Exam 2, HONDROS Study Guide
Solutions
Hypokalemia and lasix - ANSWER✔✔-If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving Lasix
Hypervolemia Causes - ANSWER✔✔-CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt intake, COPD
Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-Headache, Confusion, Nausea, Vomiting, Coma
Hypovolemia Causes - ANSWER✔✔-Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no water access,
significant injury to skin
Moat accurate assessment of water balance - ANSWER✔✔-daily weights in similar clothing, same scale,
same time- plus or minus 2 lbs per day, plus or minus 5 lbs a week
Potassium (K+) - ANSWER✔✔-3.5-5
Hyperkalemia causes - ANSWER✔✔-AKD, CKD, severe injuries, supplementation
Hyperkalemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-muscle fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia, irritability,
Nausea, death
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, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Hypokalemia causes - ANSWER✔✔-diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives, ketoacidosis,
alcohol abuse
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-muscle cramps, abdominal distention, constipation,
arrhythmia
Renal Pt Diet - ANSWER✔✔-low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green veggies, apples,
avocados
Sodium (Na+) - ANSWER✔✔-135-145
Hypernatremia Causes - ANSWER✔✔-too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids, increased dairy
consumption
Hypernatremia signs and symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-decreased urinary output, firm rubbery tissue turgor,
restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
Hyponatremia Causes - ANSWER✔✔-Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting, low sodium intake,
burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms - ANSWER✔✔-muscle weakness, fatigue, Headache, restlessness,
irritability, hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
Magnesium (MG+) - ANSWER✔✔-1.5-2.5
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