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MPTC POLICE ACADEMY REVIEW EXAM FULLY SOLVED -11
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MPTC POLICE ACADEMY REVIEW EXAM FULLY SOLVED -11
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CRIMINAL LAW MPTC EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS #12Direct Evidence - correct answer directly links a person to a crime and without the need
of any additional evidence or inference.
Example: a video recording of offender robbing the convenience store while holding a
gun
Circumstantial evidence - correct answer relies on an inference to connect a conclusion
of fact
Example: if a defendants finger print was found at the scene of a convenience store
robbery, a jury could conclude that the defendant was in the store at some point, but the
fingerprint is not direct evidence that the defendant committed the robbery
Physical evidence - correct answer tangible and may be direct or circumstantial.
Includes objects, property, or items seized at crime scenes or during searches.
Testimonial evidence - correct answer may be direct or circumstantial. Includes first
hand statements made by victims, witnesses, suspects or police.
Examples: statements made directly to the police, spontaneous utterances overheard
by witnesses, written statements, interview and interrogation recordings.
Direct testimonial evidence - correct answer when a victim, suspect, or witness makes a
statement about what he or she saw, heard, or felt "firsthand" using his or her own
senses
Circumstantial testimonial evidence - correct answer suggests other facts from which
reasonable inferences can be drawn.
Example: a witness might testify that he sees mail in a mailbox. This is evidence that
the mailman has been there; no one saw him, but one can reasonably infer that he has
been there because there is mail in the mailbox.
Hearsay Testimony - correct answer "secondhand" knowledge repeated about what
another person said about what he or she saw, heard, or felt
A spontaneous or excited utterance - correct answer Generally, a witness cannot testify
in court about what another person told him, but there are several exceptions to the rule
against hearsay. The most common hearsay exception is
Spontaneous utterance - correct answer out of court statements uttered during the heat
of the moment while under stress or excitement.. Negate premeditation or fabrication
and tend to qualify, characterize, or explain an underlying event.
, 911 calls or excited statements of witnesses on scene - correct answer What are some
examples of spontaneous utterances?
Exculpatory evidence - correct answer refers to evidence and/or statements which tend
to clear, justify, or excuse a defendant from alleged fault or guilt.
Police and prosecutors are obligated to disclose this evidence to the defense.
Relevant and Reliable - correct answer What must evidence be for it to be admissible in
court?
Relevant - correct answer evidence is this if it has any tendency to make a fact more or
less probable than it would be without the evidence.
(1) evidence must tend to prove or disprove a particular fact and
(2) the particular fact must be material to a issue of consequence in the case - correct
answer The concept of relevancy has two components which are:
Reliability - correct answer evidence has not been tampered with and in substantially
the same condition as evidence originally seized by police when presented in court.
Chain of custody - correct answer the meticulous and chronological documentation of
evidence, from the moment it is seized to its presentation in court.
Used to prevent loss, destruction, tampering and contamination by collecting and
properly packaging physical evidence.
Every person who came in direct contact with the evidence, through collection, storage,
or analysis. - correct answer What does a reliable chain of custody show?
1. Date, time, and location evidence was seized
2. Name of officer who seized evidence
3. All dates and times evidence were received or transferred to another person
4. Names of all people who came in contact with evidence
5. Full description of evidence for positive identification - correct answer Best practices
for chain of custody include documenting the following: (5)
Mala in se - correct answer "wrong or evil in itself," overtly harmful to people, immoral or
inherently wrong by nature.
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