Biology MCAS Review Exam with
Complete Solutions
a circle in a pedigree chart represents.... - ANSWER-a female
a human cell has ______chromosomes? - ANSWER-46
a human sex cell has _____chromosomes? - ANSWER-23
a shaded square or circle in a pedigree represents.... - ANSWER-a person affected with
the trait
A square in a pedigree chart represents...... - ANSWER-a male
abiotic - ANSWER-a ="without"; non-living things in an environment
activation energy - ANSWER-energy needed to get a reaction started
active transport - ANSWER-opposite of passive, energy needed to move from low
concentration to high concentration
adaptation - ANSWER-process of changing to better match an environment
adenosine triphosphate or ATP - ANSWER-ATP = Energy molecule
alleles - ANSWER-two versions of a gene (one from mother, one from father)
artificial selection - ANSWER-"breeding"--selection arranged by humans as in dogs,
horses and agriculture
asexual reproduction - ANSWER-"without sex" process of cloning--mitosis, binary
fission, budding
auto - ANSWER-self
autotroph - ANSWER-Self-Feeding...mainly plants
BASE PAIR Rule - ANSWER-A-T and C-G
biochemistry - ANSWER-study of chemicals that make up living things
biodiversity - ANSWER-the diversity of life
Biome - ANSWER-a very large area in which common organisms live
, biotechnology - ANSWER-new technology based on DNA technology
biotic - ANSWER-living things in an environment
camouflage - ANSWER-adapting to an environment via color (example of natural
selection)
carbohydrates are made up of... - ANSWER-sugars (monosaccharides)
carnivore - ANSWER-organism that eats only other animals
carrier - ANSWER-an organism that carries a copy of a mutation (abnormal gene)
cell membrane - ANSWER-barrier on all cells separating the inside of the cell from the
outside world
cell membranes are made of .... - ANSWER-phospolipid bilayer
Cell Respiration reaction - ANSWER-opposite of photosynthesis (C6H12O6 + O2 -->
CO2 + H2O)
Charles Darwin - ANSWER-proposed theory of evolution in "Origin of Species"
chloroplasts - ANSWER-ONLY in PLANT cells, contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis
CHNOPS stands for.... - ANSWER-atoms of life-Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Phosporus, and Sulfur
CO2 stands for - ANSWER-carbon dioxide
codominant trait - ANSWER-two alleles are dominant at the same time (blood type is an
example ---AB are codominant)
codon - ANSWER-3 bases or nucleotides
competition - ANSWER-struggle for natural resources, territory
complementary strand - ANSWER-matching strand
concentration gradient - ANSWER-difference of concentration from one area to another
consumer - ANSWER-organism that does not make its own food & consumes (eats)
plant
cytoplasm - ANSWER-jelly-like substance that fills the cell, all organelles sit in it
Complete Solutions
a circle in a pedigree chart represents.... - ANSWER-a female
a human cell has ______chromosomes? - ANSWER-46
a human sex cell has _____chromosomes? - ANSWER-23
a shaded square or circle in a pedigree represents.... - ANSWER-a person affected with
the trait
A square in a pedigree chart represents...... - ANSWER-a male
abiotic - ANSWER-a ="without"; non-living things in an environment
activation energy - ANSWER-energy needed to get a reaction started
active transport - ANSWER-opposite of passive, energy needed to move from low
concentration to high concentration
adaptation - ANSWER-process of changing to better match an environment
adenosine triphosphate or ATP - ANSWER-ATP = Energy molecule
alleles - ANSWER-two versions of a gene (one from mother, one from father)
artificial selection - ANSWER-"breeding"--selection arranged by humans as in dogs,
horses and agriculture
asexual reproduction - ANSWER-"without sex" process of cloning--mitosis, binary
fission, budding
auto - ANSWER-self
autotroph - ANSWER-Self-Feeding...mainly plants
BASE PAIR Rule - ANSWER-A-T and C-G
biochemistry - ANSWER-study of chemicals that make up living things
biodiversity - ANSWER-the diversity of life
Biome - ANSWER-a very large area in which common organisms live
, biotechnology - ANSWER-new technology based on DNA technology
biotic - ANSWER-living things in an environment
camouflage - ANSWER-adapting to an environment via color (example of natural
selection)
carbohydrates are made up of... - ANSWER-sugars (monosaccharides)
carnivore - ANSWER-organism that eats only other animals
carrier - ANSWER-an organism that carries a copy of a mutation (abnormal gene)
cell membrane - ANSWER-barrier on all cells separating the inside of the cell from the
outside world
cell membranes are made of .... - ANSWER-phospolipid bilayer
Cell Respiration reaction - ANSWER-opposite of photosynthesis (C6H12O6 + O2 -->
CO2 + H2O)
Charles Darwin - ANSWER-proposed theory of evolution in "Origin of Species"
chloroplasts - ANSWER-ONLY in PLANT cells, contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis
CHNOPS stands for.... - ANSWER-atoms of life-Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Phosporus, and Sulfur
CO2 stands for - ANSWER-carbon dioxide
codominant trait - ANSWER-two alleles are dominant at the same time (blood type is an
example ---AB are codominant)
codon - ANSWER-3 bases or nucleotides
competition - ANSWER-struggle for natural resources, territory
complementary strand - ANSWER-matching strand
concentration gradient - ANSWER-difference of concentration from one area to another
consumer - ANSWER-organism that does not make its own food & consumes (eats)
plant
cytoplasm - ANSWER-jelly-like substance that fills the cell, all organelles sit in it
