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Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal Test Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update Graded A+ $7.99   Add to cart

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Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal Test Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update Graded A+

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Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal Test Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update Graded A+ what are the three main structural sections of the kidney - Answers pelvis, medulla, corteX Pelvis - Answers Comprised of calices, urinary collecting structures Medulla - Answers middle portion; contains r...

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  • October 31, 2024
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  • Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal
  • Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal
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Advanced Pathophysiology -Renal Test Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update Graded A+

what are the three main structural sections of the kidney - Answers pelvis, medulla, corteX

Pelvis - Answers Comprised of calices, urinary collecting structures

Medulla - Answers middle portion; contains renal pyramids (collecting ducts and loop of henle

cortex - Answers outer rim (1 cm). contains glomeruli and nephron tubules

endocrine functions of the kidney - Answers secretion of renin, production of prostaglandins and kinin,
production of erythropoietin, activation of vitamin D3, gluconeogenesis, metabolism of insulin and
steroids.

excretion functions of the kidney - Answers glomerular filtration rate

tubular secretion

tubular reabsorption

rate of excretion= rate of filtration + rate of secretion - rate of reabsorption

parts of nephron - Answers glomerulus, proximal CT, descending loop of henle, collecting tubule, distal
collecting tubule, ascending loop of henle

function of glomerulus - Answers filters fluid from blood

function proximal CT - Answers reabsorbs water, electrolytes, bicarb, glucose, amino acids, vitamins

descending loop of henle - Answers reabsorbs water

ascending loop of henle - Answers actively reabsorbs Na, K, Cl. results in high osmolatity

distal CT - Answers reabsorbs Na, Cl, water, urea

secrets H and K

collecting tubule - Answers reabsorbs water under the influence of ADH

secretes H and K

factors that affect glomerular filtration - Answers -afferent arteriole constriction and efferent ateriole
dilation decrease GFR

-afferent dilation and efferent constriction increase GFR

-Angiotensin II and prostaglandins are important chemical mediators of arteriolar resistance

, how do calcium channel blockers affect arterioles - Answers dilate afferent arteriole

how do ACE inhibitors affect arterioles - Answers dilate efferent arteriole

how do calcineruin inhibitors/immunosuppressants (tacrolimus) affect arterioles? - Answers constricts
afferent arteriole

what 3 important hormones do kidneys release? - Answers Erythropoietin

Renin

calcitriol

Erythropoietin - Answers -stimulates bone marrow to make RBC

-synthetic form of erythropoietin derived via recombinant DNA techniques can be used for treatment of
anemia: Epoetin alfa (epogen, procrit) and Darbopoetin alfa (aranesp)

renin - Answers regulates blood pressure

calcitriol - Answers active form of Vitamin D

helps maintain calcium for bones and normal chemical balance in the body

prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency = rocaltrol, calcijex, zemplar, hectoral

urinalysis - Answers test of renal structure/function

normal- clear. pale/yellow/amber. normal small. 6.0-7.4 pH. NO glucose, ketones, nitrite, LE, protein,
RBC/WBC

abnormal- cloudy (protein, cast, bacteria, crystals). red/brown/green. malodorous (smells). PRESENT-
glucose, ketones, nitrite, LE, protein, RBC/WBC

serum creatinine/BUN - Answers indicators of renal function

reduced GFR= increased levels of serum creatinine and BUN

normal ratio is 10-15: 1

pt characteristics that increase serum creatinine - Answers eating lots of meat, exercise, increase muscle
mass, cimetidine, trimethoprim, increase age, african american

pt characteristics that decrease serum creatinine - Answers muscle wasting, female, amputation,
vegetarian

pt characteristics that increase BUN - Answers gastrointestinal hemorrhage, corticosteroids, tetracycline,
catabolic state

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