negative outcome - (correct answer) -loss, must be quantifiable ($)
io io io io io io io io io
frequency - (correct answer) --"how often does a loss occur?"
io io io io io io io io io
-number of losses in a certain time period
io io io io io io io io
-probability of a loss io io io
Severity - (correct answer) --"how much does it cost when a loss occurs?"
io io io io io io io io io io io io
- dollar amount
io io
how to calculate frequency - (correct answer) -# of losses/# of exposures
io io io io io io io io io io io
how to calculate severity - (correct answer) -total losses ($)/# number of losses
io io io io io io io io io io io io
peril - (correct answer) -cause of loss (ex: fire)
io io io io io io io io
hazard - (correct answer) -condition that creates or increases frequency of a loss. 4 types: physical,
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
moral, morale (attitudinal), legal
io io io io
physical hazard - (correct answer) -a physical condition that increases the frequency or severity of loss
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
moral hazard - (correct answer) -the presence of insurance changes the behavior of the insured (ex:
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
faking damages or exaggerating value of insured property)
io io io io io io io io
Morale (attitudinal) hazard - (correct answer) -carelessness or indifference to a loss because of the
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
existence of insurance, increases frequency and severity (ex: leaving keys in car, ignoring limbs)
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
legal hazard - (correct answer) -characteristics of the legal system or regulatory environment that
io io io io io io io io io io io io io
increase the frequency or severity of losses (ex: different juries in different areas, diminution in value
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
laws)
io
pure risk - (correct answer) -loss or no loss (no gain), insurable (ex: fire or cancer)
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
, speculative risk - (correct answer) -A chance of loss, no loss, or gain. (ex: gambling or investing), not
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
always insurable
io io
diversifiable risk - (correct answer) --affects only small groups not whole economy
io io io io io io io io io io io
-can be reduced/eliminated thru diversification
io io io io
-cannot be reduced thru diversififcation
io io io io
-gov. assistance may be needed to insure
io io io io io io
-risks are correlated (inflation, unemployment)
io io io io
-ex: flood, earthquake
io io
enterprise risk - (correct answer) -encompasses all major risks faced by a business: pure, speculative,
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
operational, and financial
io io io
systemic risk - (correct answer) --risk collapse of an entire system or entire market due to a failure of a
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
single entity or group of entities that can result in a breakdown of the entire financial system
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
-instability in the financial system due to interdependency between the players and the market
io io io io io io io io io io io io io
types of pure risks - (correct answer) --personal
io io io io io io io
-property
-liability
-loss of business income
io io io
-cyber security io
personal risk - (correct answer) --directly affects individual or family, involves a possibility of loss of
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
income, extra expenses, or depletion of financial assets
io io io io io io io io
-indirect loss: financial loss resulting as a consequence of the direct loss (ex: having to pay to live
io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io io
somewhere while home is being repaired from fire damages)
io io io io io io io io io
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