ARDMS ABDOMINAL SONOGRAPHY EXAM
NEWEST 2024 COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
describe the etiology of retroperitoneal fibrosis - CORRECT
ANSWER-the etiology of retroperitoneal fibrosis is usually
idiopathic. causes may include an autoimmune response, drugs,
AAA, infection, retroperitoneal malignancy, radiation therapy or
chemotherapy
the strap muscles of the neck are ________ to the thyroid gland -
CORRECT ANSWER-anterior
the SCM muscle of the neck is _______ to the thyroid gland -
CORRECT ANSWER-anterolateral
the CCA and internal jugular vein are ______ to the thyroid
gland - CORRECT ANSWER-lateral
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the longus colli muscle is _______ to the thyroid gland -
CORRECT ANSWER-posterior
the minor neurovascular bundle is _____ to the thyroid gland -
CORRECT ANSWER-posterior
the normally located parathyroid glands are ____ to the thyroid
gland - CORRECT ANSWER-posterior
what is the thyroglossal duct? - CORRECT ANSWER-
embryologically, as primitive cells migrate from the pharyngeal
floor to become the thyroid, a residual thyroglossal duct is
formed. the thyroglossal duct normally becomes obliterated in
fetal life
what is the thyroglossal duct cyst? - CORRECT ANSWER-a
thyroglossal duct cyst is a congenital anomaly that appears as a
superficial cyst in the midline of the neck anterior to the trachea
and superior to the thyroid. it is commonly diagnosed in
preschool-aged children or during mid-adolescence, and often
appears following an upper respiratory infection.
what is the most common malignancy of the thyroid gland? -
CORRECT ANSWER-papillary carcinoma is the most common
primary thyroid cancer, accounting for 75-90% of all cases
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what is the usual presentation of patients with this malignancy? -
CORRECT ANSWER-papillary carcinoma spreads through the
lymphatics to nearby cervical lymph nodes. sonographically,
patients with papillary thyroid cancer present with a hypoechoic
thyroid mass and adjacent enlarged cervical nodes
describe the clinical presentation of patients with chronic
lymphocytic ( Hashimoto's) thyroiditis - CORRECT ANSWER-
chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease. it
occurs as a painless, diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland in
young or middle-aged women, and is often associated with
hypothyroidism
describe the sonographic presentation of chronic lymphatic (
Hashimoto's) thyroiditis - CORRECT ANSWER-the typical
sonographic appearance of chronic lymphocytic ( Hashimoto's)
thyroiditis is a diffusely enlarged thyroid, with a homogeneous
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but coarse parenchymal echo texture. the thyroid is generally
more hypoechoic than the normal thyroid
what is the appendix testis? - CORRECT ANSWER-the
appendix testis is a remnant of the Mullerian duct. it appears
sonographically as a small ovoid structure near the head of the
epididymis
what is the appendix epididymis? - CORRECT ANSWER-the
appendix epididymis is a detached efferent duct, which is seen
as a small stalk projecting off the epididymis
what is the tunica albuginea? - CORRECT ANSWER-the
fibrous capsule that surrounds the testicle
what is the tunica vaginalis? - CORRECT ANSWER-an
extension of the peritoneum into the scrotal chamber, which
resides along side the testicle. The inner, or visceral layer of the
tunica vaginalis covers the testis and epididymis. the outer, or
parietal layer of the tunica vaginalis lines the walls of the scrotal
chamber. a small amount of fluid is commonly seen in this
space.
what is a hydrocele? - CORRECT ANSWER-a collection of
serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis lining the scrotum.
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