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Statistics 101 Questions And Answers Latest Update

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Statistics 101 Questions And Answers Latest Update

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  • October 31, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Solution 2024/2025
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Statistics 101 Questions And Answers Latest
Update

Design ANS✔✔ Stating the goal and/or statistical question of interest and
planning how to obtain data that will address them



Description ANS✔✔ Summarizing and analyzing the data that are obtained



Inference ANS✔✔ Making decisions and predictions based on the data for
answering statistical questions



Variable ANS✔✔ The characteristic of being measured; any characteristic
observed in a study (parts of the study that are being studied)



Population ANS✔✔ Set of all of the subjects of interest



Sample ANS✔✔ The subset of the population for whom we will collect data



Descriptive Statistics ANS✔✔ Methods for summarizing collected data



Inferential Statistics ANS✔✔ Methods of making decisions or predictions
about a population based on data obtained from a sample of that
population; make predictions and draw conclusions



Sample Statistics ANS✔✔ Percentage of a sample for a specific variable

, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper



Parameter ANS✔✔ Numerical summary of the population



Statistic ANS✔✔ A numerical summary of a sample taken from the
population



Statistically Significant ANS✔✔ When the difference between results is so
large that it'd be odd to see such a difference by ordinary random variation



Categorical ANS✔✔ A variable on which each observation belongs to one of
a set of distinct categories



Quantitative ANS✔✔ A variable on which observations take numerical
values that represent different magnitudes of the variable



Quantitative Variables Key Features ANS✔✔ 1) Center, 2) Variability
(spread) of the data



Categorical Variables Key Features ANS✔✔ Relative number of observations
in various categories



Discrete ANS✔✔ A quantitative variable whose possible values for a set of
separate numbers; " the number of..."; anything with a finite number of
possible values



Continuous ANS✔✔ A quantitative variable whose values form an interval;
variables that have an infinite continuum of possible values

, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper



Distribution of a Variable ANS✔✔ Describes how the observations fall (are
distributed) across the range of possible values. For a categorical variable,
the possible values are the different categories: simply shows all possible
categories and the number (or proportion) of observations falling into each
category. For a quantitative variable, the entire range of possible values is
split up into separate intervals and the number (or proportion) of
observations falling in each interval.



Modal Category ANS✔✔ Category with the largest frequency



Quantitative Variable Characteristics ANS✔✔ Shape, center, variability



Frequency Table ANS✔✔ A listing of possible values for a variable, together
with the number of observations for each value



Proportion of Observations ANS✔✔ The number of observations in that
category divided by the total number of observations



Percentage ANS✔✔ The proportion multiplied by 100



Relative Frequencies ANS✔✔ Proportions and percentages



Pareto Chart ANS✔✔ A bar graph with categories ordered by their frequency



Pareto Principle ANS✔✔ The principle that states that a small subset of
observations often contain most of the observations

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