examples of deep culture - ANSWER Gender Roles, Mannerisms, Religion (why
you believe it) and idea beliefs
Common Underlying Proficiency Model (CUP) - ANSWER Common Underlying
Proficiency Model (CUP). There are academic skills that are common across
languages. Example: triangle image is a triangle in English and Spanish
ESL Pull-Out Model - ANSWER Typically in Elementary Schools. Proven to be
somewhat successful . Children are pulled out of the regular classroom for help in
homework or English. Grades typically improve but tests scores do not (one-on-
one help).
The Stages of Culture Shock - ANSWER 1. Honeymoon Stage
2. Hostile or Aggressive Stage (Anomie)
3. Recovery
4. Adjustment
Basic Interpersonal Communication (BICS) - ANSWER Basic Interpersonal
Communication Skills (BICS). "Social Language." Takes 2-3 years to develop.
Acquired not learned.
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) - ANSWER Cognitive
Academic Language Proficiency (CALP). "Academic Language." Takes 5-7 years to
develop. Learned not acquired.
,Aesthetics are literature, music, dance, art, architecture, and how they are
enjoyed. This is an example of ____ ____. - ANSWER examples of deep culture
Concepts of time is an example of ____ culture. - ANSWER an example of deep
culture
Examples of surface culture - ANSWER Religion (time service is), food, holidays,
arts, folklore, history, music, traditions, language, and clothes
An example of surface culture - ANSWER history
Non-English Language Background (NELB) - ANSWER Non-English Language
Background (NELB). Come from a non-English home. Pass fluency test and do not
see an ESL teacher.
Acceptance - ANSWER Occurs in the 4th stage of culture shock (adjustment)
where the host culture is accepted as "just another way of living"
The Critical Period Hypothesis - ANSWER There is a window in which children
can acquire language. 1st language acquisition ends at puberty. 2nd language
acquisition is debatable but critical period is typically recognized as ending at age
12-13.
Experiential Learning - ANSWER Action must be a part of language learning.
"Learning by living." Field Trips, Service Learning.
, Pre-Production Stage of Language Acquisition - ANSWER "Silent Period."
Students understand language but cannot produce it yet. Lasts between 6 months
to a year. Teachers should use visual aids and ask for physical responses.
CALP is acquired in the ___ ____ and ____ ___ stages of language acquisition. -
ANSWER speech emergence, intermediate fluency
BICS is acquired in the _ and _____ _____ stages of language acquisition. -
ANSWER where ___ is acquired: pre-production early production
Jim Cummins - ANSWER Creator of BICS and CALP and the CUP principles
"Cummins Quadrants."
Communicative Competency does not equal Academic Success
James Asher - ANSWER Psychologist who developed the total physical
response (TPR) method.
Audio-Lingual Method - ANSWER Based on behaviorist psychology.
Emphasis is on the memorization of dialogues
Belief that dialogues would promote oral language proficiency.
Problem: students remember the dialogues but cannot speak the foreign
language.
Stephen Krashen - ANSWER Developed 5 hypotheses that have greatly
impacted the teaching of foreign languages in the United States.Shifted from
memorization drills to natural langauge acquisition.
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