DOTS (secondary assessment) - ANSWERS-Deformities
Open injuries or wounds
Tenderness
Swelling
SAMPLE (secondary assessment) - ANSWERS-Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history (pertinent)
Last oral intake
Events (leading up to)
INDIAN (used for spinals) - ANSWERS-Intoxication
Neck Pain
Distracting Injuries
Altered Mental Status
Numbness/weakness
FAST - ANSWERS-Face drop
Arm drift
Speech difficulty
, Time to activate EMS
Primary Assessment - ANSWERS-1: Check to make sure scene is safe (5 seconds or
less)
2: "Are you okay?"
3:Assess victim (breathing and pulse)
4:Activate EAP
5: Begin emergency care
Implied consent - ANSWERS-Victim is unresponsive and cannot be asked for consent
to help, it's implied
Consent - ANSWERS-Must ask to help victim before beginning emergency care if
responsive, implied consent if parent or guardian isn't around
RWI - ANSWERS-Recreational Water Illness
Person in distress - ANSWERS-Head bobbing, mouth and nose above water
Person drowning - ANSWERS-Airway compromised, head below water and cannot be
lifted or brought to the surface, swallows large amounts of water
10 seconds after submersion - ANSWERS-Distress begins
20 seconds after submersion - ANSWERS-Drowning begins
1 minute after submersion - ANSWERS-Person becomes unresponsive
3 minutes after submersion - ANSWERS-Heart stops beating
How does water hide victims? - ANSWERS-• Sun or window reflects off water
• Water movement and ripples
4 minutes after submersion - ANSWERS-Brain damage begins, survival with
impairment likely
6 minutes after submersion - ANSWERS-Organs shut down, death likely
Zone - ANSWERS-Area for which you are responsible for scanning
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