MST GEO ENG 1150: Final Exam Review Questions With Answers 100% Verified.
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MST
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Mineral - correct answer A naturally occuring inorganic solid with an orderded inorganic solid and a defiite chemical composition.
Fracture - correct answer Absence of cleavage when a mineral is broken
Foliation - corre...
Mineral - correct answer A naturally occuring inorganic solid with an orderded
inorganic solid and a defiite chemical composition.
Fracture - correct answer Absence of cleavage when a mineral is broken
Foliation - correct answer any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural
features mineral grains or structural features within a rock
What comprises flint, chert, and jasper? - correct answer Quartz
Rock Weathering - correct answer Weathering of rocks due to a different
temperature, pressure and chemical surroundings than the Earth's surface
Chemical Weathering v. Mechanical Weathering - correct answer Chemical is
decomposition, while Mechanical is disintegration
What physical factors tend to accelerate chemical weathering in rock and soil? - correct answer
Composition, variation in composition, and joints
What are most common forms of mechanical weathering? - correct answer Thermal
expansion, frost weathering, exfoliation, abrasion, and salt crystal growth
Why is particle size so important in weathering processes? - correct answer It
changes the surface area of the rocks based on the particle size
Which minerals are most susceptible to chemical dissolution? - correct answer
Pyroxene, amphibole, magnetite, pyrite, and olivine are most susceptible to oxidation because they
have high iron content
, What is frost wedging? - correct answer The process by which water seeps into a
rock's cracks, freezes, expands them, then melts, leaving larger cracks in the rocks. This continues until
the rocks break.
What is exfoliation? - correct answer the peeling off of curved layers of rock
What are core stones? How do they weather? What forms their original boundaries? - correct answer
Round boulders created by spherical weathering. They are exposed by removing the saprolite around
them
What is hydrolysis? - correct answer A reaction with water
What is least stable silicate mineral up at the Earth's surface? - correct answer
Olivene
What portion of the continental USA is underlain by karst? - correct answer 25%
Slaking - correct answer The breakdown of a lump of soil into smaller fragments on
wetting. It is caused when clay swells and the trapped air bursts out
Soil - correct answer The upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark
brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.
Erosion - correct answer Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down
and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)
Residual Soils - correct answer Soil formed by rock decay and left as a residue after
the leaching out of the more soluble products
What are important physical factors in promoting soil development? - correct answer
Parent material, climate, topography, organisms, and time
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