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MDSC 321 Midterm 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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MDSC 321 Midterm 1 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Solved What makes a good vaccine? - Variolation or Inoculation (Safety) Vaccination (Cost) Effectiveness Type of Immunity Vaccine Production - Dried up small pox scabs, ship live cows to make the vaccine, own farms for vaccine production, in...

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 39
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
MDSC 321 Midterm 1 Exam Questions

and Answers 100% Solved


What makes a good vaccine? - ✔✔Variolation or Inoculation (Safety)

Vaccination (Cost)

Effectiveness

Type of Immunity

Vaccine Production - ✔✔Dried up small pox scabs, ship live cows to make

the vaccine, own farms for vaccine production, infect egg with virus to

make the vaccine, DNA vaccines take a gene that codes for one of the

proteins to inject with the piece of DNA. Can't control where gene goes.

Vaccine Composition (Live Attenuated) - ✔✔Weakened or less virulent

pathogen

Actually infect the host

Robust immune response

Long lasting memory

Ex. Measles, Mumps

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Vaccine Composition (Killed) - ✔✔Whole killed pathogens (lots of potential

antigens)

Unable to infect the host

Weaker, short lived immunity

Often requires multiple boosters

Ex. Polio, Influenza

Vaccine Composition (Subunit or Toxoid) - ✔✔Specific molecules isolated

from a pathogen

Unable to infect the host

Weaker, short lived humoral (Ab) immunity

Often requires multiple boosters

Ex. Diphtheria, Tetanus

How is vaccination influenced by public perception? - ✔✔Autism, falsified

data, fraudulent. Not immunized you will get the disease. Herd immunity

threshold for a number of infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria,

mumps etc.

Do we need to be vaccinated against everything? - ✔✔Effect of vaccinating

for one disease on other disease.

- Chicken pox and shingles are cause by the same virus

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Chicken pox significant decrease but increase in shingles people are not as

exposed to chicken pox and your immune system gets lazy

How has our world changed? - ✔✔Smallpox is the only disease eradicated

in history of humans by world wide vaccination effort. Spend $1 on a

vaccine and save $30

Are antibodies a silver bullet drug? - ✔✔Stick to a target and mutualize

each other so then the disease cannot stick to your cells and infect you.

Antibodies - Therapeutics - ✔✔-Antibodies are a protein produced by the

immune system that specifically recognizes target molecules

-Antibody therapeutics bind and neutralize targets, activate cells, kill cells,

and modulate immunity

-Represents the first immune treatments (>100 years ago)

- More than 30 licenced monoclonal Ab are sold in the US for treatment of

human disease

-8 /20 best selling biotech drugs were antibodies

-Currently used to treat cancers (colon, brain, lymphoma, leukemia, breast)

- Treat autoimmunity (lupus, arthritis, MS, asthma, IBD, Crohn's, diabetes)

- Treat infections (Hep B, HIV, sepsis, rabies, tetanus, C.difficile, anthrax)

- Prevent transplant rejection

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Antibodies AB structures developed from non-rodent/non-primate species -

✔✔Not all anitbodies are the same, structural differences confer functional

differences

IgM- sticks to target

IgD-

IgG-making when you vaccinate someone

IgE-allergies

IgA- GI tract keeps gut lining from getting effected

Antibodies - Structure - ✔✔Bispecific - could recognize two things are the

same time

"Smart Drugs"- Immunotoxins/ Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADC) -

✔✔Direct a drug to a specific target recognized by the antibody.

Conventional Chemotherapy: recognize the tumor cell, place the drug and

kill it

Infectious Disease - ✔✔Worldwide, 1 in 3 deaths is attributable to

infectious disease

Vast majority of these deaths are preventable by vaccine

Making progress but one of the biggest threats is emerging and re-

emerging disease

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