Psych 439 - Radford University - Exam 1
Questions And Answers Latest Update
What is pluralistic ignorance? What phenomena cause this effect (be sure to
explain how each one contributes to pluralistic ignorance)? ANS✔✔ When
there is a group of individuals, the individuals think their attitudes and
beliefs are different than the others in the group, which causes them to
follow and agree on what everyone else does/says to fit in. The underlying
phenomena is a False Norm- We believe that a norm exists when there
really isn't one.
What is the False Universality (also call the Illusion of Universality)? How
does it contribute to PI? How is it demonstrated in PI studies? ANS✔✔ False
universality is that we all assume everyone supports the norm equally, but
they don't
What is False Uniqueness and how does it contribute to PI? ANS✔✔ We think
we are the only one who doesn't support the norm (feel deviant and guilty)
What are the different types of pluralistic ignorance and what studies
illustrate teach type? ANS✔✔ Situational Ambiguity:
Bystander intervention
Enforced Social Norms:
Elm Hallow Study
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Vassar study
Group Norms.
Conservative Lag
What is social influence? What are the construct related to social influence?
ANS✔✔ Changes in affect, behavior, or cognitions resulting from the
imagined or implied presence of others.
social roles, conformity, obedience, and group think.
What are the two types of social influence and hare they are related to
pluralistic ignorance? ANS✔✔ types of social influence and hare they are
related to pluralistic ignorance?
Informative social influence: Looking to others when expectations are
unclear. Normative social influence: Avoiding punishment or accruing
rewards. (public compliance, not necessarily private acceptance). These are
related to PI because people look to others for a false norm so that they
abide to the rules of society
What is Cooley's Looking Glass Self and how is it relevant to the
phenomenon of pluralistic ignorance? ANS✔✔ Self-evaluation mirrors what
we think others think about us. This mirrors PI because people care about
social acceptance
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