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NU 433: Adrenal and Pituitary Exam Questions with 100% Solved | Rated A+

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NU 433: Adrenal and Pituitary Exam Questions with 100% Solved | Rated A+ Pituitary gland - -commonly referred to as the master gland bc of the influence it has on secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands and due to its regulation of many bodily functions -part of your endocrine system ...

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  • November 1, 2024
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NU 433: Adrenal and Pituitary Exam

Questions with 100% Solved | Rated A+


Pituitary gland - ✔✔-commonly referred to as the master gland bc of the

influence it has on secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands and

due to its regulation of many bodily functions

-part of your endocrine system

-main function: to secrete hormones into your blood stream

-size of a pea

-sits right behind your eyes; underneath hypothalamus at base of skull

-works for and is regulated by the hypothalamus

-controls adrenal gland

-posterior: ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin

-anterior: GH, ACTH (adrenocorticoids), TSH (thyroid hormones), FSH and

LH (ICSH; testosterone), FSH and LH (estrogen and progesterone), and

prolactin

Adrenal gland - ✔✔-each person has two, one attached to upper portion of

each kidney

,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-little triangles that sit on top of the kidneys

-two endocrine glands with separate, independent functions

-produce hormones that you can't live without, including sex hormones and

cortisol

-medulla: catecholamines

-cortex: mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisol), and _

androgens

Negative feedback loop - ✔✔-controls how and when hormones are

secreted

-the way the body tells itself which hormone it needs

-some factor, such as BP, changes; change is detected by a sensor;

sensor sends a message to an integrating center which in turn stimulates

an effector; effector will do something to alter the factor that changed

-pituitary gland: sends ACTH to adrenal glands

-adrenal gland: inc secretion of hormones cortisol and aldosterone by

adrenal cortex

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH; vasopressin) - ✔✔-secreted by posterior

pituitary to increase water reabsorption by the kidneys

-"To pee or not to pee? That is the question."

-makes you hold on to fluid; opposite of diuresis; retention

, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
-too much: not peeing

-not enough: peeing too much

Cortisol - ✔✔-glucocorticoid secreted by adrenal gland cortex

-steroid hormone with various actions including protein metabolism, blood

sugar control, anti-inflammatory, and salt and water balance

-inc with stress and inc glucose

Aldosterone - ✔✔-mineralocorticoid secreted by adrenal gland cortex

-increases sodium reabsorption and potassium loss by kidney

Epinephrine and norepinephrine - ✔✔-secreted by adrenal medulla as

neurotransmitters for the sympathetic nervous system

-"fight or flight mechanism"

-catecholamines

Growth hormone - ✔✔-secreted by the anterior pituitary to stimulate protein

synthesis and bone and muscle growth

-increases breakdown of fatty acids and increases glucose levels

Serum osmolality - ✔✔-diagnostic for hormone imbalances

-lab tests

-direct concentration of blood

-270-300 mOsm/kg

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