Exam (elaborations)
N474 -NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS TEST
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N474 -NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS TEST...
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cognitionsystem of interrelated abilities such as perception, reasoning, judgment,
intuition, and memory; allows one to be aware of oneself
affects daily living
memory
facet of cognition, retaining and recalling past experiences
delirium
acute cognitive impairment with multiple causes
occurs all of a sudden
dementia
chronic cognitive impairment differentiated by cause, not symptom patterns
happens over time
delirium
Disturbance in consciousness and a change in cognition develop over a short
period
Usually reversible if the underlying cause identified
Serious; should be treated as an emergency
Diagnostic criteria
- Impaired consciousness
-- Less aware of environment; loss of ability to focus
-- Problems in memory, orientation, language
Different from dementia
usually has a cause
, want to reverse the cause or can lead to further damage
causes: UTI in elderly, high fevers in children and adolescents, substance use
toxicity or withdrawal
circadian rhythm can be affected
mini mental status exam
delirium
focuses in on cognition part of mental status exam, use frequently while patient
is experiencing delirium
delirium
risk factors
Age
Complication in patients admitted to ICUs, psychiatric units
Functional impairment, immobility, history of falls, use of substances
Pre-existing cognitive impairment
What is a common cause of this in older adults? - UTI
patient with dementia experiencing UTI - increased urinary frequency, irritated
and more confused
delirium
etiology
Infections - UTI, high fevers
Withdrawal
Acute metabolic disorder
Trauma - head
CNS pathology - stroke, seizure
Hypoxia - stroke
Deficiencies - thymine (alcohol use disorder)
Endocrinopathies
Acute Vascular - shock
Toxins - anesthesia, anti-cholinergic
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