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Chapter 1 A Brief History of Microbiology Questions and Answers 100% Correct
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Chapter 1 A Brief History of Microbiology
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Chapter 1 A Brief History ofMicrobiology
1.1 Describe the world-changing scientific contributions of
Leeuwenhoek. - answer1. first discovered the bacterial world.
2. created the first microscope
1.2 Define microbes in the words of Leeuwenhoek and as we know them today. -
answer beasties or microorganisms
1.3 List six groups of microorganisms. - answer1.bacteria
2.archaea
3.fungi
4.protozoa
5.algae
6.small multicellular animals
1.4 Explain why protozoa, algae, and nonmicrobial parasitic worms are studied in
microbiology. - answerBecause many of these microorganism cause diseases
1.5 Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic organisms. - answerProkaryotic organisms
lack a nuclei and their genes are not surrounded by a membrane.
Eukaryotic organisms each of their cells contains a nucleus and their genetic material is
surrounded by a a membrane.
Bacteria and archaea - answer1. are prokaryotic
2. produce asexually
3. lack a nuclei
4. no cell membrane
5. smaller than eukaryotic
prokaryotic - answer1. the lack of a nuclei
2. their genes are not surrounded by a membrane.
Fungi - answeris eukaryotic
2 types of Fungi - answer1. Molds
2. Yeast
Molds - answermulticellular
1. cottony growths on cheese, bread, and jams are molds
, Eukaryotic - answercontains a nucleus composed of genetic material surrounded by a
distinct membrane.
Yeasts - answerunicellular and typically oval to round.
1. reproduce asexually by budding (a process in which a daughter cell grows off the
mother cell.)
Protozoa - answer1. single celled eukaryotes
2. are similar to animals in their nutritional needs and cellular structure.
3. protozoa is Greek for "first animals"
3 ways that protozoa travel - answer1. pseudopods
2. cilia
3. flagella
Pseudopods - answerare extensions of a cell that flow in the direction of travel
cilia - answerare numerous, short protrusions of a cell that beast rhythmically to propel
flagella - answerare also extension of a cell but are fewer, longer, and more whiplike
Algae - answerare unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes
(like plants, they make their own foods from carbon dioxide and water using energy
from sunlight)
agar - answerA common hardening agent that originated from Algae
unicellular algae - answer1.common in fresh water
2.major food of small aquatic animals
3.provide most of the oxygen in the world
Explain why Leeuwenhoek is consider the "Father of Microbiology". - answerHe was
considered the father of microbiology because he was the first person to discover
microorganisms.
1.6 List and answer four questions that propelled research in what is called the "Golden
Age of Microbiology." - answer1.Is spontaneous generation of microbial life possible?
2. What causes fermentation?
3.What causes disease?
4. How can we prevent infection and disease?
1.7 Identify the scientists who argued in favor of spontaneous generation. - answerJohn
T. Needham said that microbes spontaneously generated.
1.8 Compare and contrast the investigations of Redi, Needham, Spallanzani, and
Pasteur concerning
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