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HDFS 350 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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HDFS 350 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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HDFS 350 Final Exam Questions withCorrect Answers
Null Hypothesis: - Answer-No relationship or significance; any different is due to
sampling or experimental error
In an Associational research question, the IV is ______, it is ____; a ___ is evaluated
using _____ statistics: - Answer-not manipulated; continuous; relation ; inferential
In a Descriptive research question, the IV is _____, it is _____ or ______; only
summarizes data with _____ statistics; it is an ____; an example would include: -
Answer-not manipulated; categorical or continuous; descriptive; average; poll to see
public support or not for GMO labeling
Conceptual: - Answer-how you are thinking about variable (description)
Operational definitions of a variable: - Answer-how you measure the variable (important
for validity and reliability)
Stratified random sampling includes _____, such as race: - Answer-subgroups
Cluster sampling: - Answer-select population and place at random
Haphazard sampling is a non probability measure that is used as _____ by asking
______: - Answer-convenience; asking people that walk by
Purposive sampling: - Answer-non probability; ask a qualify question first
Snowball sampling: - Answer-non probability; use purposive then asking friends or
additional people they know
Categorical variables use ____ data (age groups is an example): - Answer-discrete
Ordinal: - Answer-ordered scale; 1-excellent 2-good
Nominal provides a _____; if _____, no scale implied: - Answer-name; numeric
Categorical variables make it impossible to: - Answer-define any qualitative value from
the scale
Continuous variables: - Answer-entire range of values
Interval can be ____ mathematically; it is a scale in ____; ____ zero: - Answer-
manipulated; equal increments; no true zero
, Ratio is used on an ____ scale with ______ zero: - Answer-interval; true
Qualitative research focuses on _________; uses a ___ sample; data and conclusions
are ____; example would be an ____: - Answer-participants' experiences; small;
subjective; interview
Quantitative research: - Answer-focuses on specific behaviors/ideas that can be
counted; larger sample; conclusions are objective
Experimental research is the direct ______ and ______ of variable; usually in ____
statements: - Answer-manipulation; control; causal statements
Non-Experimental research shows a ______ or _____ between; variables are studied
through _____ and _____; not _____ - Answer-relationship among; differences;
observations and measurements; causal
True-experimental: - Answer-direct manipulation and control of random group; providing
a free 6-week magazine subscription and people's happiness levels
Quasi-experimental: - Answer-direct manipulation and control of NON random groups
In Comparative, the IV is _____, it is _____, and groups compared to ___ using ____
statistics: - Answer-not manipulated; categorical; DV; inferential stats
Divergent validity: - Answer-scores on the measure are not related to other measures
that are theoretically different
Internal validity makes conclusions of ____ and ____ as being accurate or not: -
Answer-cause and effect
External validity tests to see if we can ____ signs of study, ______ to others, at other
___, in other ____: - Answer-organize; generalizing; times; places
Reliability in measure: - Answer-consistency in measure
A measure can be highly reliable, but not __: - Answer-valid
What are 2 basic approaches to descriptive statistics? - Answer-Numerical and visual
3 measures of central tendency: - Answer-mean, median, mode
Variability is the amount of: - Answer-amount of spread in distribution of scores
Moderate variability: - Answer-scores dont correlate if too little variability
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