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GRCC BI 151 Final Exam Review Questions and Answers
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GRCC BI 151 Final Exam Review Questions and Answers
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GRCC BI 151 Final Exam ReviewQuestions and Answers
Scientific iiMethod ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiseries iiof iisteps iifollowed iito iisolve iiproblems
iiincluding iicollecting iidata, iiformulating iia iihypothesis, iitesting iithe iihypothesis, iiand
iistating iiconclusions.
chemical iibond ii- iiAnswers ii-the iiattractive iiforce iithat iiholds iiatoms iior iiions iitogether
covalent iibond ii- iiAnswers ii-A iichemical iibond iithat iiinvolves iisharing iia iipair iiof
iielectrons iibetween iiatoms iiin iia iimolecule
inoic iibond ii- iiAnswers ii-a iipositively iicharged iiion iiis iiattracted iito iia iinegatively iicharged
iiion
hydrogen iibond ii- iiAnswers ii-Attraction iibetween iia iislightly iipositive iihydrogen iiatom
iiand iia iislightly iinegative iiatom.
Properties iiof iiwater ii- iiAnswers ii-cohesion, iiadhesion, iiexcellent iisolvent, iisolid iiis iiless
iidense iithan iiliquid, iispecific iiheat
Macromolecules ii- iiAnswers ii-carbohydrates, iilipids, iiproteins, iinucleic iiacids
cell iitheory ii- iiAnswers ii-idea iithat iiall iiliving iithings iiare iicomposed iiof iicells, iicells iiare
iithe iibasic iiunits iiof iistructure iiand iifunction iiin iiliving iithings, iiand iinew iicells iiare
iiproduced iifrom iiexisting iicells
Eukaryotic iicells ii- iiAnswers ii-Contain iia iinucleus iiand iiother iiorganelles iithat iiare iibound
iiby iimembranes.
prokaryotic iicell ii- iiAnswers ii-A iitype iiof iicell iilacking iia iimembrane-enclosed iinucleus
iiand iimembrane-enclosed iiorganelles; iifound iionly iiin iithe iidomains iiBacteria iiand
iiArchaea.
Organelle ii- iiAnswers ii-specialized iistructure iithat iiperforms iiimportant iicellular iifunctions
iiwithin iia iieukaryotic iicell
plasma iimembrane ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiselectively-permeable iiphospholipid iibilayer iiforming
iithe iiboundary iiof iithe iicells
, transport iiproteins ii- iiAnswers ii-A iitransmembrane iiprotein iithat iihelps iia iicertain
iisubstance iior iiclass iiof iiclosely iirelated iisubstances iito iicross iithe iimembrane.
Osmosis ii- iiAnswers ii-Diffusion iiof iiwater iithrough iia iiselectively iipermeable iimembrane
Metabolism ii- iiAnswers ii-the iicombination iiof iichemical iireactions iithrough iiwhich iian
iiorganism iibuilds iiup iior iibreaks iidown iimaterials
Anabolic ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiprocess iiin iiwhich iilarge iimolecules iiare iibuilt iifrom iismall
iimolecules
catabolic iipathways ii- iiAnswers ii-release iienergy iiby iibreaking iidown iicomplex
iimolecules iiinto iisimpler iicompounds
Enzyme ii- iiAnswers ii-protein iithat iiacts iias iia iibiological iicatalyst
functions iiof iienzymes ii- iiAnswers ii-speed iiup iichemical iireactions iiby iilowering
iiactivation iienergy
Structure iiof iienzymes ii- iiAnswers ii-An iienzyme iiacts iion iia iimolecule iicalled iithe
iisubstrate iiand iibinds iiat iiits iiactive iisite. iiEnzyme iiactivity iidepends iion iithe iienzyme's
iishape iiand iiits iiactive iisite ii(the iibinding iisite iifor iithe iisubstrate), iiand iieach iienzyme iiis
iispecific iito iiits iisubstrate
substrate iiconcentration ii- iiAnswers ii-enzyme iiactivity iiincreases iiwith iithis; iimore
iicollision iibetween iisubstrate iimolecules iiand iithe iienzyme
Co-factors ii- iiAnswers ii-Help iithe iienzyme iifunction iiproperly ii(are iisometimes iidestroyed
iiby iithe iireaction iiand iimust iibe iiremade. iiCo-enzymes iimove iielectrons iiand iihydrogen
iiions iifrom iione iireaction iito iianother)
competitive iiinhibition ii- iiAnswers ii-Inhibition iiof iian iienzyme's iiability iito iicatalyze iia
iichemical iireaction iivia iia iinon-reactant iimolecule iithat iicompetes iiwith iithe iisubstrate(s)
iifor iiaccess iito iithe iiactive iisite.
non-competitive iiinhibitor ii- iiAnswers ii-A iisubstance iithat iireduces iithe iiactivity iiof iian
iienzyme iiby iibinding iito iia iilocation iiremote iifrom iithe iiactive iisite, iichanging iiits
iiconformation iiso iithat iiit iino iilonger iibinds iito iithe iisubstrate.
allosteric iiinhibitors iiand iiactivators ii- iiAnswers ii-particles iithat iibind iito iianother iipart iiof
iian iienzyme ii(not iithe iiactive iisite) iiand iicauses iia iichange iiin iiconformation, iiwhich
iieither iiactivates iian iienzyme iior iistops iiactivity.
cellular iirespiration ii- iiAnswers ii-Process iithat iireleases iienergy iiby iibreaking iidown
iiglucose iiand iiother iifood iimolecules iiin iithe iipresence iiof iioxygen
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