GRCC Nursing 110 Final Review Exam
Questions and Answers
Enculturation ii- iiAnswers ii-The iisocial iiprocess iiby iiwhich iiculture iiis iilearned iiand
iitransmitted iiacross iigenerations
Ethnocentrism ii- iiAnswers ii-Belief iiin iithe iisuperiority iiof iione's iination iior iiethnic iigroup.
stereotype ii- iiAnswers ii-a iifixed iiidea iior iiconception iiof iia iicharacter iior iian iiidea iiwhich
iidoes iinot iiallow iifor iiany iiindividuality, iioften iibased iion iireligious, iisocial, iior iiracial
iiprejudices.
prejudice ii- iiAnswers ii-devaluing iia iigroup iibecause iiof iiits iiassumed iibehavior, iivalues,
iicapabilities, iior iiattributes
Discrimination ii- iiAnswers ii-policies iiand iipractices iithat iiharm iia iigroup iiand iiits
iimembers
race ii- iiAnswers ii-Identity iiwith iia iigroup iiof iipeople iidescended iifrom iia iicommon
iiancestor.
Racism ii- iiAnswers ii-Belief iithat iione iirace iiis iisuperior iito iianother
Acculturation ii- iiAnswers ii-The iiadoption iiof iicultural iitraits, iisuch iias iilanguage, iiby iione
iigroup iiunder iithe iiinfluence iiof iianother.
Assimilation ii- iiAnswers ii-is iithe iiprocess iiby iiwhich iion iiindividuals iifrom iione iicultural
iigroup iimerge iiwith, iior iiblend iiinto, iia iisecond iigroup ii(sometimes iireferred iito iithe
iimelting iipot)
clinical iijudgement ii- iiAnswers ii-an iiinterpretation iior iiconclusion iiabout iia iipatient's
iineeds, iiconcerns, iior iihealth iiproblems, iiand/or iithe iidecision iito iitake iiaction ii(or iinot),
iiuse iior iimodify iistandard iiapproaches, iior iiimprovise iinew iiones iias iideemed
iiappropriate iiby iithe iipatient's iiresponse
clinical iireasoning ii- iiAnswers ii-the iithinking iiprocess iiby iiwhich iia iinurse iireaches iia
iiclinical iijudgement
clinical iithinking ii- iiAnswers ii-ability iito ii"think" iiin iia iisystematic iilogical iimanner, iibeing
iiopen iito iiquestions ii& iireflecting iion iireasoning iiprocesses
,decision ii- iiAnswers ii-our iioutcomes
interpretation ii- iiAnswers ii-analyze iidata ii(subjective ii& iiobjective, iito iicome iito iian
iiunderstanding
inference ii- iiAnswers ii-making iidecisions iior iiforming iiopinions
standards-based iiapproach ii- iiAnswers ii-decision-making iifrom iia iirules-based
iiapproach-based iion iibest iipractices ii(uses iialgorithms, iiguidelines, iidecision iitrees,
iietc.-limits iicreative, iipatient-centered iiinterventions)
evidence-based iipractice iiand iiclinical iijudgement ii- iiAnswers ii-practices, iiguidelines,
iietc, iibased iion iiresearch, iithat iidirect iiand ii/or iiimpact iiclinical iijudgement-should
iinurses iiquestions iiEBP-YES!
Interpretivist iiPerspective ii- iiAnswers ii-more ii"intuitive" iirespects iiunderstood
iiknowledge, iiinductive, ii"consideration iiof iimultiple iifactors"
clinical iijudgement iiprocess ii- iiAnswers ii-1. iiNoticing
2. iiInterpreting
3. iiResponding
4. iiReflecting
noticing ii- iiAnswers ii-A iinurse iinotices iithings iiabout iia iipatient iiin iithe iicontext iiof iithe
iinurse's iibackground iiand iiexperience, iicontext iiof iienvironment, iiand iiknowing iithe
iipatient. ii
A iinurse iiis iilooking iifor iipatterns iithat iiare iiconsistent iiwith iiprevious iiexperiences iiand
iiuses iithat iiinformation iito iiguide iicare.
interpreting ii- iiAnswers ii-Interpreting iiis iithe iiprocess iiof iiassembling iiinformation iito
iimake iisense iiof iiit. ii
Types iiof iireasoning iipatterns iitend iito iivary iiwith iithe iiexperience iiof iithe iinurse:
-Novice iinurses iitend iito iirely iion iianalytic iireasoning.
-Expert iinurses iidraw iifrom iia iivariety iiof iireasoning iipatterns; iianalytic, iiintuitive, iiand
iinarrative.
responding ii- iiAnswers ii-Responding iiis iithe iiimplementation iiof iiactions iiand
iiinterventions, iibased iion iipatient iineeds. ii
Depending iion iithe iilevel iiof iiexpertise, iithe iinurse iimay iior iimay iinot iibe iiable iito iijudge
iithe iieffectiveness iiof iithe iiintervention iibefore iiinitiating iiit.
, Reflecting ii- iiAnswers ii-Reflecting iiis iithe iiprocess iiof iithinking iiand iilearning iifrom
iiexperiences. ii
-Reflection-in-action iihappens iiin iireal iitime iiwhile iicare iiis iioccurring. ii
-Reflection-on-action iihappens iiafter iithe iipatient iicare iioccurs. ii
Reflecting iiis iicritical iifor iidevelopment iiof iiknowledge iiand iiimprovement iiin iireasoning.
reflecting-in-action ii- iiAnswers ii-happens iiin ii"real" iitime iiwhile iicare iiis iioccuring
reflecting-on-action ii- iiAnswers ii-happens ii"after" iithe iipatient iicare iioccurs
Clincial iijudgement iirequires ii- iiAnswers ii-experience, iiknowledge, iiexpertise
Assessment ii- iiAnswers ii-gathered iipatient iicare iidata iithrough iiobservation ii(objective)
iiinterviews ii(subjective) iiand iiphysical iiassessment
diagnosis ii- iiAnswers ii-analyze, iivalidate, iiand iicluster iipatient iidata iito iiidentify iipatient
iiproblem
planning ii- iiAnswers ii-prioritize iithe iinursing iidiagnosis iiand iiidentifies iishort iiand iilong
iiterm iigoals iithat iiare iirealistic, iimeasurable, iiand iipatient iifocused, iiwith iispecific
iioutcome iiidentification iifor iievaluation iipurposed
implementation ii- iiAnswers ii-initiate iispecific iinursing iiinterventions iiand iitreatments
iidesigned iito iihelp iithe iipatient iiachieve iiestablished iigoals iior iioutcomes
evaluation ii- iiAnswers ii-determine iiwhether iithe iipatients iigoals iiare iimet, iiexamine iithe
iieffectiveness iiof iiinterventions, iiand iidecide iiwhether iithe iiplan iiof iicare iishould iibe
iidiscontinued, iicontinued, iior iirevised.
professional iinursing iiis iiguided iiby ii- iiAnswers ii-ANA iistandards ii
-standard iipractice
-nursing iipractices iiacts/state/public iihealth iicode iiregulations/rules
ANA iiStandards iiof iiNursing iiPractice ii- iiAnswers ii-Assessment
Diagnosis
Outcomes iiidentification
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
states iiregulates iistandard iicare ii- iiAnswers ii-allows iilicensure
Standard iipractice ii- iiAnswers ii-published iiby iiANA
Criteria iifor iia iiProfession ii- iiAnswers ii-altruism