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Microbiology Chapter 8 Questions and Answers Graded A+ $13.49   Add to cart

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Microbiology Chapter 8 Questions and Answers Graded A+

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  • Microbiology
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  • Microbiology

Microbiology Chapter 8

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  • November 1, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Microbiology
  • Microbiology
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julianah420
Microbiology Chapter 8

Genetics - answer the study of what genes are, how they carry information , how
information is expressed, and how genes are replicated

gene - answer a segment of dna that encodes a functional product, usually a protein

genome - answer all the genetic material in a cell

genomics - answer the molecular study of genomes

genotype - answer the genes of an organism

phenotype - answer expression of the genes

genetic information expression – answer genetic information is used within a cell to
produce the proteins needed for the cell to function

genetic information recombination - answergenetic information can be transferred
between cells of the same generation

genetic information replication - answergenetic information can be transferred between
generations of cells

semi conservative DNA synthesis - answerhalf old and half new

transcription - answersynthesis of a complimentary strand of RNA from the code found
in DNA; it begins when RNA polymerase binds to the promoter sequenceproceeds in
the 5 prim to 3 prim direction and stops when it reaches the terminator sequence

transcription requires - answerRNA nucleotide and the enzyme RNA polumerase

repressible enzymes - answerassist in the process by which a protein can stop the
synthesis (transcription) of a protein; block RNA polymerase's transcription initiation;
default is on and when there is too much material it is turned off

inducible enzymes - answerassist in the process of the inducer that causes transcription
of specific genes; default is off

translation - answerthe conversion of the DNA codes from protein production into the
protein

mRNA is translated in ____ - answercodons( three nucleotides) 64 total codes

, degeneracy - answeralternative codons for most amino acids probides for coverage
against possible mutation

translation of mRNA begins at the _____:___ (formylmethionine and not methionine) -
answerstart codon: AUG

Translation of mRNA ends as ___:__ - answernonsense codons: UAA, UAG, UGA

the genetic code - answer64 sense codons on mRNA encode the 20 amino acids; this
code is a degenerate

tRNA - answercarries the complementary anticodon; complementary to a codone; base-
pairs with its associated codon

site of translation - answerthe ribosome of RNA

____ direct the building of tRNA and mRNA codon - answerribosomes

what starts the protein synthesis - answerwhen the start codon is released from the
ribosome unit and then additional RNA units attach

prokaryotic cells can start translation - answerprior to the completion of transcription

mRNA is trancripted - answerin the cytoplasm rather than the nucleus of a eukaryote

start codons are exposed - answereven befor the remaining codon are completed

enxymes are needed for - answerpractically all cell metabolism; some to a greater
extent than others thus must be mad in greater quantities over a more consisten time
period

constitutive enzymes - answerexpressed at a fixed rate, genes are turned on
continuously, production of enzymes needed in large amoungts, other are expressed
only as needed

catavolite repression - answerinhibis the use of alternative carbon sources when
glucose is available

the ____ is inducible by lactose to the miximal levels whe cAMP and CAP form a
complex - answeroperon

under conditions of high glucose, - answera glucose breakdown product inhibits the
ezyme adenylat cyclase which prevents the conversion of ATP to cAMP

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