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WestCoast EMT Final Study Guide Exam Latest Updated
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WestCoast EMT Final Study Guide Exam Latest Updated What makes up the axial skeleton? - ANSWER-skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage what is the epiglottis? - ANSWER-a flap that flips down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing what is croup? - ANSWER-acute VIRAL inflammatory disea...

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  • November 1, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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WestCoast EMT Final Study
Guide Exam Latest Updated




What makes up the axial skeleton? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-skull, vertebral column,
thoracic cage


what is the epiglottis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a flap that flips down to cover the entry to
the trachea during swallowing


what is croup? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-acute VIRAL inflammatory disease of larynx,
primarily w/in the subglottic space
-6 months to 6 years


what is a pulmonary embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A condition in which one or
more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot.

,what is an aneurysm? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-an excessive localized enlargement of an
artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.


what is a thrombus? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stationary blood clot


what is an embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A piece of a blood clot that enters the
bloodstream


What is subcutaneous emphysema? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a characteristic crackling
sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in the soft
tissue
-may feel like rice crispy treats


what is hemoptysis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Coughing up blood; blood in sputum
generally from the lungs.


what is hematuria? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-presence of blood in the urine


What is hematemesis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-vomiting blood


What is capnography? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A noninvasive technique to alert you to
hypoventilation even when your patient's pulse ox reading are fine. Carbon dioxide
is the most significant factor in monitoring ventilation. Capnography measures the
CO2 in every breath to monitor air exchange in the patient's alveoli.


Trendelenburg position - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A position in which the patient's feet and
legs are higher than the head

,What is CPAP? Why is it used? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-continuous positive airway
pressure; used to deliver pressure to the airways to keep the airway open while the
individual sleeps


small-volume nebulizer - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a device that uses compressed air or
oxygen to nebulize a liquid medication into a mist that a patient can inhale


How to care for a patient who has been sexually assaulted: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Have
female be treated by female EMT


- First component is medical treatment.


- Second is psychologic care of the patient - don't cross-examine patient or attempt
to obtain info


- Don't tamper any evidence. Put evidence in paper bags, not plastic.


types of consent: expressed - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Patient verbally or otherwise
acknowledges that he/she wants you to provide care or transport. May be
nonverbal.


informed consent - you explained the nature of treatment being offered, along with
potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment, as well as consequences of
refusing treatment.

, types of consent: implied - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Legal principle that allows treatment
under circumstances, such as intoxication, mentally impaired, or suffering from
certain conditions such as head injury.


- applies only when a serious medical condition exists and should never be used
unless there is a threat to life or limb


types of consent: involuntary - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Applies when a person is mentally
ill, developmentally delayed, or who is in a behavioral (psychological) crisis.
Someone makes the decision on their behalf (legally responsible).


types of consent: minors - ✔✔✔ANSWER-- When a parent cannot be reached to
provide consent, health care providers are allowed to give emergency care to a
child.


- If a minor is injured and requires medical treatment in a school or camp setting,
teachers and officials may act in loco parentis, meaning in position of parent.


emancipated minors: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-People who, despite being under the legal
age in a given state, can be legally treated as adults based on certain circumstances,
such as being married, members of armed services, or if they are parents.


Bradycardia - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A slow heart rate.


-less than 60 beats/min for adults and children (older than 10)
-less than 60 beats/min for preschoolers and school-aged children (2 years to 10
years)
-less than 100 for infants and toddlers (3 months to 2 years)

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