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Microbiology. Chapter 1-6 Test Questions and Answers 2024
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Microbiology. Chapter 1-6 Test
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Microbiology. Chapter 1-6 TestMicroorganisms - answer are entities that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
Examples of Microbes - answer Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, Fungi, Algae, and Larvae
of Helminths
Pathogenic Microbes - answer cause disease.
Microorganisms are Beneficial - answer They: Decompose Waste
Are producers of oxygen by photosynthesis
Provide a food source for many other organisms
Produce fermented foods such as vinegar, cheese and bread
Produce antibiotics and vaccines
Microorganisms are Beneficial by - answer Producing industrial chemicals such as ethyl
alcohol, acetone, and enzymes used in cleaners.
Linnaeus - answer established the system of scientific nomenclature.
Genus and Species - answer Two names of any organism.
Serotypes - answerMost bacterial species contain subspecies or what which are
variations within a species.
Three Domains - answerEubacteria
Archaea
Eukaryotes
Bacteria - answerProkaryotes
Unicellular
Peptidoglycan is found in their cell wall
Reproduce by binary fission
Extremely diverse
What do bacteria do for energy? - answerFor energy, bacteria may use organic
chemicals, inorganic chemicals, or photosynthesis depending on species.
Archaea - answerProkaryotes similar to bacteria
Unicellular
Lack peptidoglycan
Usually live in extreme environments
Have not changed structure and physiology for centuries
, Fungi - answerEukaryotes
Chitin in cell walls
Use organic chemicals for energy (not photosynthetic)
Larger than bacteria, some reproduce sexually
Many produce reproductive structures like mushrooms and sporangia.
Protozoa - answerEukaryotes
Absorb or ingest organic chemicals
Very few species are photosynthetic
Some are serious parasites in humans
Mostly unicellular and motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
Algae - answerEukaryotes
Cellulose cell walls
Unicellular and Multicellular forms usually found in aquatic systems
Use photosynthesis for energy
Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds
Are a food source for many organisms
Viruses - answerAcellular (non-living)
Consist of DNA or RNA core
Obligate intracellular parasites
When are viruses replicated? - answerViruses are only replicated when they are in a
living host cell
Helminths - answerEukaryotes
Multicellular animals; most are not parasitic
When were the first microbes observed? - answer1600s
Robert Hooke - answer1665; reported that living things were composed of cells.
Cell Theory - answerall living things are composed of cells and come from preexisting
cells.
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek - answer1673; observed and described living
microorganisms.
He observed teeth scrapings, rain water, and peppercorn infusions.
Louis Pasteur - answer"Father of Microbiology"
1861; he demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air with his S-shaped
flask
Disproved spontaneous generation
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