Exam (elaborations)
NURB 3050 Exam 3 Questions with Verified Answers
- Course
- Institution
NURB 3050 Exam 3 Questions with Verified Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
NURB 3050 Exam 3 Questions withVerified Answers
functional unit of the kidneys - Answer-nephron
major functions of the kidneys - Answer-Regulate extracellular fluid
Excrete wastes
Secrete renin
Produce Erythropoietin
Activate Vitamin D
Regulate acid-base balance
Prostaglandin Synthesis
FEARS:
-F:luid
-E:lectrolytes, erythropoietin
-A:cid base regulation
-R:rids toxic waste
-S:ecretes renin
Bowmans capsule - Answer-is where the process of the nephron function that filters the
solutes of the blood due to a pressure gradient(counter-current system for filtration) that
exists between the blood in the capillaries and fluid
-collects glomerular filtrate
loop of henle - Answer-the section of the nephron tubule that conserves water and
minimizes volume of urine, concentrates the urine.
-electrolyte filtration
-concentrated urine is produced by a counter current exchange system in which fluid
flows in opposite directions through the parallel tubes of the loop of Henle; a
concentration gradient allows fluid to be exchanged across pathways
distal convoluted tubule - Answer-is located between the loop of henle and collecting
duct
-selective reabsorption and secretion occurs here, mos notably to regulate reabsorption
of water and sodium in exchange for secreting H+ and K+ (regulated by aldosterone)
what is the patho of kidney stones? what can be the outcome of any renal obstruction -
Answer--calculi or urinary stones, are masses of crystals, protein, or other substances
that are a common cause of urinary tract obstruction
-can be located in the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder
-formation is related to supersaturation of one or more salts in urine, precipitation of the
salts from a liquid to solid state, growth through crystallization or aggregation, and the
presence or absense of stone inhibitors.
-calcium stones account for 70% of all stones requiring treatment
, -urine concentration of substrare turns alkalinic, there is Ca carbonate or uric acid in
urine
nidus - Answer-kidney stone nucleus that grows in renal tubule or renal pelvis
what can be the outcome of any renal obstruction - Answer--overactive or non active
bladder functioning, lead to urinary tract infections
what are some types of kidney stones? - Answer--calcium stones: 70% of all stones
requiring treatment
-struvite stones primarily contain magnesium ammonium phosphate as well as varying
levels of matrix that forms in an alkaline urine
-uric acid stones occur in persons who excrete excessive uric acid in the urine such as
those with gouty arthritis
renal colic - Answer-moderate or severe pain originating in the flank and radiating down
to the groin usually indicates obstruction of renal pevis
how does anesthesia cause urinary retention - Answer-it blocks nerves and pain signals
and is usually given with fluid which results in a combination of a full bladder without
nerve function to empty
glomerulonephritis - Answer--loss of negative charge in capillary membrane and
increased permeability of filter slits causing the swelling and inflammation of glomerulus
-can be immunologic or hereditary
-immune injury is a major cause such as circulating antigen-antibody immune
complexes into the glomerulus and reactions to antibodies in situ against planted
antigens.
-can be non immune related to ischemia, metabolic disorders, toxin exposure, drugs,
vascular disorders and infection.
acute glomernulonephritis - Answer--abrupt onset after infection in throat, skin, or
bacterial endocarditis
-post streptococcal infection
-S/S: Hematuria, red blood casts, proteinuria, decreased GFR, oliguria, edema(around
ankles), HTN
What is the causative agent for the formation of the antibody/antigen substances? -
Answer-
Nephrotic syndrome patho - Answer--nephrotic syndrome is the excretion of 3.5 g or
more of protein in the urine per day and is a characteristic of glomerular injury
- loss of negative charged enlargement of filter slits, loss of plasma proteins, and a
permanently changed basement membrane
proteinuria - Answer-10g/day, edema,
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lectknancy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83637 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now