What is prescriptive authority? - Correct Ans-Legal right to prescribe drugs
Varies for nonphysician providers
Limitations tied to oversight by MD or DO
Arguments for full prescriptive authority - Correct Ans-- APRNs are educated to practice and prescribe independently without supervision
- N...
NURS 5334 Advanced Pharmacology Module 1
Exam Questions and Answers Graded A 2024
What is prescriptive authority? - Correct Ans-Legal right to prescribe drugs
Varies for nonphysician providers
Limitations tied to oversight by MD or DO
Arguments for full prescriptive authority - Correct Ans-- APRNs are educated to practice
and prescribe independently without supervision
- National examinations validate ability to provide safe competent care
- Licensure ensures compliance with standards to promote public health and safety -
Limited prescriptive authority creates numerous barriers to quality, affordable, &
accessible patient care
Drug selection factors - Correct Ans-cost, guidelines, availability, interactions, side
effects, allergies, liver & renal function, need for monitoring, special populations
Elements needed to complete a prescription - Correct Ans-- Prescriber name, license
number, and contact information
- Prescriber DEA number, if applicable
- Patient name and date of birth
- Patient allergies
- Name of medication
- Indication of medication
- Medication strength (e.g., 25 mg, 500 mg/mL)
- Dose of medication and frequency (e.g., 12.5 mg once daily)
- Number of tablets/capsules to dispense
- Number of refills
Pharmokinetics - Correct Ans-the study of drugs within the body, absorption ,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
3 ways drugs cross cell membrane - Correct Ans-1. channels & pores
2. transport systems (p glycoprotein)
3. direct penetration of membrane ( most common -> drugs too large to pass through
pores & channels)
absorption - Correct Ans-the movement of a drug from its site of administration into the
blood
rate of absorption determines how soon effects will begin
amount of absorption determine intensity of effects
P-glycoprotein - Correct Ans-Transmembrane protein that transports a wide variety of
drugs out of cells
How does the liver aid in pharmacokinetics? - Correct Ans-transports drugs into bile for
elimination
How do the kidneys aid in pharmacokinetics? - Correct Ans-pumps drugs into urine for
excretion
How does the placenta aid in pharmacokinetics? - Correct Ans-transports drugs back
into the maternal blood
How does the brain aid in pharmacokinetics? - Correct Ans-pumps drugs into blood to
limit drugs' access to the brain
passive diffusion - Correct Ans-molecules move from one side of a barrier to another
without expending energy; moving from an area of higher concentration to lower
concentration
"like dissolves like" rule - Correct Ans-Cell membranes are composed primarily of lipids;
therefore, to directly penetrate membranes, a drug must be lipid soluble (lipophilic)
polar molecules - Correct Ans-Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges
No net charge
ions - Correct Ans-molecules that have a net electrical charge
quaternary ammonium compounds - Correct Ans-molecules that contain at least 1 atom
of nitrogen and carry a positive charge at all times
pH dependent ionization - Correct Ans-Acid is a proton donor - tends to ionize in basic
(alkaline) media
Base is a proton acceptor - tends to ionize in acidic media
ion trapping (pH partitioning) - Correct Ans-acidic drugs accumulate on the alkaline side
basic drugs accumulate on the acidic side
blood flow to tissues - Correct Ans-Drugs are carried by the blood to tissues and organs
of the body
Blood flow determines the rate of delivery
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