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Patho Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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Patho Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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TestTrackers: Unlock Your Exam Potential! | Quality Practice Materials | Boost Your Confidence Today!Patho Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
A 55-year-old man with emphysema (a type of lung disease) who has smoked 2 packs of
cigarettes per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset of cough with bloody sputum.
After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient's nurse reads a physician's note on the
chart: "I have told the patient that the etiologies of his presenting problem are: 1)
exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2) the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onset of
both was contributed to by his longstanding smoking." The patient asks the nurse for more
information about his illness. Which explanation, by the nurse, indicates a full understanding of
the patient's situation?
✓ "The coughing up of blood is caused by a worsening of a disease you've had for a long
time plus a new problem-- lung cancer."
An 80-year-old patient has experienced a massive blood loss following an accident. His vital
signs are: BP 80/50 (normal ~ 120/80), HR 120 (norm = 60-100), RR 20 (norm = 12 to 20),
T 98.6 (norm ~ 98.6). In assessing this patient, the nurse understands that the abnormal HR is
✓ due to the patient's heart compensating for low blood volume
A young, otherwise healthy patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of heart failure
of unknown cause. The etiology of the heart failure would be termed
✓ idiopathic
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A child is born to a couple, one of whom is heterozygous for an autosomal dominant disease.
The other parent is homozygous normal. What would be the child's chances of having the
disease? (Hint: use a Punnett square to figure this out).
✓ 50%
A child is born to a couple, one of whom is heterozygous for an autosomal recessive disease.
The other parent is homozygous normal. What would be the child's chances of having the
disease? (Hint: use a Punnett square to figure this out).
✓ 0%
A child is born to a couple, one of whom is heterozygous for an autosomal recessive disease.
The other parent is homozygous normal. What are the chances that the child will be a carrier
of the disease?
✓ 50%
Which of the following is the result of defective protein synthesis caused by a single-gene
malfunction of the nucleus of a cell?
✓ cysts in the kidneys
A nurse explaining to a new mother the patho of her baby's teratogenic defect shows
complete understanding of the situation when he says,
✓ "Certain chromosomes in your baby may have been injured before you finally kicked your
cocaine addiction in your 6th month of pregnancy."
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A child with sickle cell anemia presents with pain all over, especially the joints. Which of the
following best links the patho with S&S?
✓ A single-gene mutation causes malfunction in RBC O2-carrying capacity, leading to
ischemic pain in the joint tissues.
A 28-year-old man presents with a low blood pressure due to blood loss from a gunshot
wound. The regulatory action that will best compensate for this patient's fluid volume deficit is:
✓ increased action of the RAAS
A 28-year-old man presents with a low blood pressure due to blood loss from a gunshot
wound. When aldosterone is secreted as a part of the increased action of the RAAS, all the
following will occur EXCEPT:
✓ Na+ excretion in the urine will increase
A patient is hospitalized after experiencing renal failure. Because of her kidneys' inability to
excrete water, she has generalized edema & a serum sodium of 129. Because the kidneys
have also lost the ability to appropriately regulate potassium, she also has a serum potassium
of 5.9. These lab results show:
✓ hyperkalemia & hyponatremia
A patient is hospitalized after experiencing renal failure. Because of her kidneys' inability to
excrete water, she has generalized edema & a serum sodium of 129. The edema is most
likely due to fluid shifting from the intravascular space into interstitial spaces secondary to all
the following EXCEPT
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