With mental status changes in a patient, always think... - ANSWER
Respiratory failure!
What are the two types of respiratory failure? - ANSWER hypoxemic and
hypercapnic
In what conditions may we expect Hypoxemia to occur? - ANSWER -
Pneumonia
- ARDS
- Pneumothorax
- PE
What are the ABG assessment findings in a patient who has Hypoxemia? -
ANSWER - Low blood O2 (<50)
- Normal or low CO2
What are the signs and symptoms a patient who has Hypoxemia will present
with? - ANSWER - *Agitation*
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnea
- Cyanosis
,- Diaphoresis
What are the physical findings of a patient who has Hypoxemia? - ANSWER -
Accessory muscle use
- Decreased breath sounds
- Other s/s of resp distress
What are the ABG assessment findings in a patient who has Hypercarbia? -
ANSWER Blood CO2 >50
When may a patient have Hypercarbia? - ANSWER - Drug OD
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Gullian-Barre
- Chest wall deformities/trauma
- Asthma, COPD
Patient who have Hypercarbia will present as.. - ANSWER Less responsive
Normal blood pH - ANSWER 7.35-7.45
, pH <7.35 is - ANSWER acidosis
pH >7.45 is - ANSWER alkalosis
Normal paO2 - ANSWER 80-100 mmHg
paO2 <80 is - ANSWER hypoxemia
paO2 >100 is - ANSWER hyperoxia
Normal spO2 - ANSWER > 92%
spO2 <92% is - ANSWER Hypoxic
Normal HCO3 - ANSWER 22-26
HCO3 < or > is - ANSWER A metabolic process
What is the primary intervention for a patient who has Acute Respiratory
Failure? - ANSWER Intubation and mechanical ventilation
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