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NUR 310 Exam 2 Vocabulary (UAB) Questions and Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 2 Vocabulary (UAB) Questions and Answers
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NUR 310 Exam 2 Vocabulary (UAB)Questions and Answers
medical asepsis - Answer-Clean technique, controls microorganisms, basic hand
hygiene, clean equipment and supplies, clean field
surgical asepsis - Answer-Sterile technique, absence of microorganisms, surgical scrub
performed, sterile equipment and supplies, sterile field
6 components of the infection cycle - Answer-Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit,
means of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host.
infectious agent - Answer-Bacteria, viruses, fungi (pathogens)
Reservoir - Answer-natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms;
ex. Humans, animals, food, organic matter on inanimate surfaces, water, soil, insects
portal of exit - Answer-point of escape for the organism; ex. Respiratory, gastrointestinal
tract, genitourinary tract, breaks in skin/mucous membranes, blood/body fluids,
transplacental
Means of transmission - Answer-direct contact, indirect contact, airborne route
portal of entry - Answer-point at which organisms enter a new host
Susceptible host - Answer-must overcome resistance mounted by host's defenses
Bacteria - Answer-Most significant and most prevalent in hospital settings
Virus - Answer-Smallest of all microorganisms
Fungi - Answer-Plant-like organisms present in air, soil, and water
Parasites - Answer-organisms that live on or in a host and cause it harm
direct contact - Answer-person to person
indirect contact - Answer-Contact with an inanimate object; object to person
fecal-oral transmission - Answer-handling food after using a restroom and failing to
wash hands
inflammatory response - Answer-Redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function
, immune response - Answer-Antigen, antibody
Local infection - Answer-Effects small area of the body
General infection (systemic) - Answer-Effects the whole body; ex. Spreading staph
infection
Asymptomatic infection - Answer-Carries disease, but shows no symptoms; this is why
we have standard precautions
Stages of infection - Answer-incubation, prodromal, illness, convalescence
incubation period - Answer-interval between initial infection and first signs and
symptoms
prodromal period - Answer-short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms; during
this time the pathogen is multiplying
illness stage - Answer-Interval when findings specific to the infection occur
Convalescence stage - Answer-interval when acute symptoms of infection disappear;
total recovery may take days to months
Standard Precautions - Answer-Hand hygiene, masks (when splashing is anticipated),
clean gloves, moisture resistant bag
Airborne precautions - Answer-Less than 5mcg, private room, negative pressure airflow
of at least 6-12 exchanges per hour, N95 masks, goggles if splashing is anticipated
Droplet precautions - Answer-Greater than 5mcg, private room (pt with same illness can
stay together if necessary), masks when working within 3 feet
contact precautions - Answer-private room (pt with same illness can stay together if
necessary), clean gloves, gown,
Acute pain - Answer-Time limited, often intense, one area of the body, has surgical
value, warns of danger and harm, mechanisms well understood, associated with anxiety
and fear, cure is common
chronic pain - Answer-Lasts more than 3-6 months, varies in intensity, one or multiple
areas of the body, no survival value, no longer warns of immediate danger, mechanisms
not well understood, form on chronic stress, cure is not common
idiopathic pain - Answer-A form of chronic pain without a known cause
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