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NESA exam rotation Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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Exam of 8 pages for the course NESA at NESA (NESA exam rotation)
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NESA exam rotationblood borne pathogens spread - answer1) the pathogen is present, in quantity large
enough to cause disease, 2) pathogen must enter through appropriate entry site,
3)person is susceptible to the pathogen
what to do if exposed (to blood borne pathogens) - answer wash area with soap and
water; if mucous membrane flush with water; if eyes involved flush with water (contact
designated exposure depart. for next steps)
post-exposure treatment may include what (blood borne pathogens) – answer anti-
retroviral drugs; starting treatment w/in 24 hrs if possible; follow-up care
standard precautions (blood borne pathogens) - answer are the best way to prevent
spread of blood-bourne pathogens
what does OSHA provide (concerning blood borne pathogens) - answer standards to
facilities to help protect workers from a sig. health risk associated with exposure to
blood
Hep A (blood borne pathogens) - answer highly contagious; vaccine available for
transmission prevention; transmitted by fecal-oral route
Hep B (blood borne pathogens) - answer transmitted through blood/bodily secretions;
diagnosis: blood tests; there's a vaccine; adults recover/immune to infection post
disease, 90% of babies infected, 10% adults become chronically infected
Hep C (blood borne pathogens) - answer transmission: blood to blood contact; no
vaccine; diagnosis: blood testing; types: acute and chronic
Acute Hep C - answer first 6 moths after exposure; 15-25% of people clear the infection
from this phase
Chronic Hep C - answer life-long infection leading to serious liver diseases
HIV (blood borne pathogens) – answer transmission: infected blood/bodily fluids; no
vaccine; attacks/ destroys CD4 cells; leads to AIDS
HIV def - answer human immunodeficiency virus
AIDS (blood borne pathogens) - answer immune system: badly damaged; vulnerable to
opportunistic infections; life expectancy w/out treatment about 3 years
, AIDS def - answer acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
when does drug resistance occur (multidrug resistant organisms) - answer available
antibiotics are not effective against the microbe
common multidrug resistant organisms include - answer Methicillin-resistant
staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRSA)
major cause of drug resistant bacteria (multidrug resistant organism) - answer improper
use of antibiotics
prevent multidrug resistance (multidrug resistant organisms) - answer clinical practices
should incorporate reporting all contamination errors (in any procedure), optimum
management of all catheters, prevention of respiratory infections in intubated patients,
and accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases
unanticipated physiologic falls (fall precautions) - answeroccur when the physical cause
of the falls is not reflected in the patient's risk factor for falls
anticipated physiologic falls (fall precautions) - answeroccur in patients whose score on
risk assessment scales
anticipated physiologic fall def - answerif a person is assessed for a high fall risk and
falls while in facility care
intrinsic factors include (fall precautions) - answerprevious falls, unsteady gait, reduced
vision, musculoskeletal diseases, mental status, acute/chronic illness
extrinsic factors include (fall precautions) - answermeds, bathtubs/toilets w/out grab
bars, lighting, inadequate assistive devices among others
best fall prevention program (fall precautions) - answerincorporates many diff.
interventions and targets multiple risk factors individualized to each patient
ex of diff. interventions for fall prevention may include - answerencouragement of
patient to ask for assistance; using non-skid foot wear; use of assistive devices as
needed; education to patient/family about fall risks
how to implement fall prevention early - answerif a standardized fall assessment is
utilized upon admission to target specific risk factors
causes on infection (infection control) - answerbacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions
modes of transmission (infection control) - answercontact (direct:person to person;
indirect: object to person), droplet, airborne
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