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Radiation Safety Exam 2024 Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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Radiation Safety Exam 2024
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Radiation Safety Exam 2024Radiation surveys must be made: - answer-annually
-whenever beam-target or specimen-detector geometry is changed
-whenever shielding arrangements are altered
-after maintenance work
Uncharged types of radiation - answer photon
neutron
Personnel Monitoring System - answer A systematic process for monitoring, recording,
evaluating, and reporting the radiation doses received by occupationally exposed
individuals
Ionizing - answer has enough energy to completely remove an electron from an atom
Hierarchy of Standards - answer-Federal Laws and Regulations
-State Laws and Regulations
-Accreditation Standards
-National and International Consensus Standards and Guidance
Direction Action - answerA break in the DNA molecule due to direct action from the
radiation or from an electron that it frees from an atom.
Beta particle - answer- negative charge
- mass
Approval letter will include - answer-approved isotopes
-max activity of each isotope that can be ordered
-max activity of each isotope that may be in lab
-approved lab locations
What is provided? - answer-Contamination and/or other radiological surveys
-Radiation badges, if applicable
-Waste pick up and storage of short lived waste
-Assure compliance with regulations
What is not covered? - answerMaintenance fee charged by state on x-ray machines
disposal of long-lived radioactive waste
How frequently does the Radiation Safety Office survey each laboratory where
radioactive material is used or stored? - answer-every 3 months
-must be no more than 100pCi/100 square cm
, What is required every time 0.5 mCi of a radioactive material is handled by a worker in
the lab? - answerIn lab surveys which must be kept and documented in labs copy of
Radiation Safety Manual in appropriate section
What is included in the Laboratory Audits where radioactive material is used or stored? -
answerEvery 6 months:
Inventory logs must be up-to-date
In laboratory surveys must be recorded
Instruments must be calibrated and operating properly
Warning and emergency signs must be posted
In-laboratory training must be up-to-date
Common Violations - answer-eating and drinking in labs
-leaving radiation producing equipment/material unsecured
-failure to follow proper waste procedures
-failure to conduct and record in-lab surveys
-failure to maintain source inventory forms
-failure to wear appropriate dosimeters
Consequence of Violation - answer-Initial Violation: Principal investigator will be placed
on probation for one year in accordance with PS-99
-Violations while on Probation: Principal investigator will lose privileges to use
radioactive material and/or sources of radiation
Stochastic Effects - answer-random effects
-occur by chance in both exposed and unexposed individuals
-are not unequivocally related to radiation exposure
-become more likely as dose increases
-severity
Linear No Threshold model - answerAssumes that any amount of radiation has a
detrimental effect
Is not a predictive model
Is used to establish regulatory dose limits (NRC)
Cancer - answer-A stochastic effect
-Radiation induced tumors are most frequent in the hemopoietic system, thyroid, and
skin.
-Cancer induction is well documented at doses of 100 rad or more
-Induction at lower doses is inconclusive (possible exceptions are leukemia and thyroid
cancer)
-Tumor induction has a latent time of 5-20 years
Radiation induced leukemia in Atomic bomb survivors has been documented at doses
above 40 rad
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