Exam (elaborations)
Bio 1101, Exam 5 Questions And Answers Latest Update
- Course
- BIO 1101
- Institution
- Georgia State University
Bio 1101, Exam 5 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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Bio 1101, Exam 5 Questions AndAnswers Latest Update
digestive system ANS✔✔ The organ system that breaks down food molecules
into smaller subunits, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste; it is composed
of the digestive tract and accessory organs.
Digestion ANS✔✔ The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into
subunits, enabling the absorption of nutrients.
salivary glands ANS✔✔ Glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive
secretion
Esophagus ANS✔✔ The section of the digestive tract between the mouth and
the stomach.
Peristalsis ANS✔✔ Coordinated muscular contractions that force food down
the digestive tract
stomach ANS✔✔ An expandable muscular organ that stores, mechanically
breaks down, and digests proteins in food.
Pepsin ANS✔✔ A protein-digesting enzyme that is active in the stomach.
CHYME ANS✔✔ The acidic "soup" of partially digested food that leaves the
stomach and enters the small intestine.
,small intestine ANS✔✔ The organ in which the bulk of chemical digestion
and absorption of food occurs.
duodenum ANS✔✔ The first portion of the small intestine, the duodenum
receives chyme from the stomach and mixes it with digestive secretions from
other organs.
Pancreas ANS✔✔ An organ that helps digestion by producing enzymes
(such as lipase) that act in the small intestine and by secreting a juice that
neutralizes acidic chyme.
liver ANS✔✔ An organ that aids digestion by producing bile salts that
emulsify fats.
bile salts ANS✔✔ Chemicals produced by the liver and stored by the
gallbladder that emulsify fats so that they can be chemically digested by
enzymes.
Gallbladder ANS✔✔ An organ that stores bile salts and releases them as
needed into the small intestine
Lipase ANS✔✔ A fat-digesting enzyme active in the small intestine
large intestine ANS✔✔ The last organ of the digestive tract, in which
remaining water is absorbed and solid stool is formed.
, stool ANS✔✔ Solid waste material eliminated from the digestive tract.
What is the function of peristalsis in the esophagus? ANS✔✔ To move food
down from the mouth to the stomach
What is the function of peristalsis in the stomach? ANS✔✔ To churn the
food with the stomach acid and enzymes to create chyme.
Which of the following correctly pairs an organ of the digestive tract with its
secretion? ANS✔✔ pepsin - stomach
The accessory organs of the digestive tract can be removed without harming
normal functioning of the digestive tract. ANS✔✔ FALSE
What distinguishes the digestive tract organs from the digestive tract accessory
organs? ANS✔✔ The organs of the digestive tract connect through one, long,
continuous tube.
The accessory organs do not come into direct contact with food.
List and explain the two functions of stomach acid. ANS✔✔ 1. Kill bacteria
and other microorganisms that are present on the food we ingest and 2.
Facilitate the process of protein digestion by turning three-dimensional
proteins into linear chains of amino acids. This configuration makes it easier
for pepsin (an enzyme produced by the stomach) to begin to digest them.
Why must fat droplets be "pretreated" with special chemicals before they can
be broken down by digestive enzymes? ANS✔✔ Fat droplets must be
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