Exam (elaborations)
2024 ARDMS- SPI EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 ARDMS- SPI EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 ARDMS- SPI EXAM WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
The horizontal axis, or x-axis - CORRECT-ANSWERSRuns side to side
The vertical axis, or y-axis - CORRECT-ANSWERSRuns up and down
Unrelated - CORRECT-ANSWERSTwo items that are not associated
Name the 4 synonyms for axial resolution. - CORRECT-ANSWERSlongitudinal,
range, radial, depth resolution
Name the 3 synonyms for lateral resolution. - CORRECT-ANSWERSangular,
azimuthal resolution, and transverse
The length of a pulse is 8 mm. What is the minimum distance between two
reflectors, positioned one in front of the other, that still produces two echoes
on our image? - CORRECT-ANSWERS4 mm (one half the pulse length!)
The frequency of a transducer does not change. If the diameter of the new
piezoelectric crystal increases, what happens to the near zone length? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSincreases
The frequency of a transducer does not change. If the diameter of the new
piezoelectric crystal increases, what happens tot he beam diameter in the far
zone? - CORRECT-ANSWERSdecreases
The frequency of a transducer does not change. If the diameter of the new
piezoelectric crystal increases, what happens to the wavelength? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSno change
The frequency of a transducer does not change. If the diameter of the new
piezoelectric crystal increases, what happens to the beam diameter in the
near zone? - CORRECT-ANSWERSincreases
Narrow beams improve... - CORRECT-ANSWERSlateral resolution
What is A-mode? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAmplitude, series of upward spikes.
(the higher the returning spike, the higher the amplitude) X-axis of a-mode is
depth
,A-modes are accurate in determining _______________. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSthe depth of reflectors
What is B-mode? - CORRECT-ANSWERSBrightness, the brightness of the once
invisible dot indicates the strength of the reflection. (weak reflections appear
as darker gray dots, strong reflections are white dots) X-axis is depth
What was the form form of grayscale imaging? - CORRECT-ANSWERSB-Mode
What is M-mode? - CORRECT-ANSWERSMotion, horizontal wavy lines
represent the changing depth of the reflecting surfaces are produced on the
paper. X-axis = time, Y-axis = depth
What is M-mode primarily used for? - CORRECT-ANSWERSassess the motion
of cardiac walls and structures
What is the only display mode that provides information regarding reflector
motion with respect to time? - CORRECT-ANSWERSM-mode
With A-mode, what does the X-axis display? - CORRECT-ANSWERSdepth of
the reflector
With M-mode, what does the Y-axis display? - CORRECT-ANSWERSdepth of
the reflector
Which mode provides the foundation for real-time, grayscale anatomic
imaging? - CORRECT-ANSWERSB-mode, or brightness mode
With A-mode, what does the Y-axis display? - CORRECT-ANSWERSamplitude
of the reflected signal
In M-mode, what does the X-axis display? - CORRECT-ANSWERStime
With B-mode Which axis is related to the strength of the reflection? -
CORRECT-ANSWERSthe z-axis
How does an ultrasound system create high quality, two-dimensional
images? - CORRECT-ANSWERSTwo characteristics of sound that make it
difficult to create two-dimensional images are: sound travels only in a
straight line, and sound beams must be narrow to optimize lateral resolution.
The use of multiple pulses to create a two-dimensional image overcomes
both of these difficulties.
In a mechanical transducer, the PZT crystal is _______________ to create the
image. - CORRECT-ANSWERSphysically moved
,Mechanical transducer image shape: - CORRECT-ANSWERSfan or sector-
shaped
Mechanical transducers have a _________ focal depth. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSfixed
When there is any damage done to the crystal in a mechanical transducer, -
CORRECT-ANSWERSthe entire image is lost
Array transducers are comprised of... - CORRECT-ANSWERSa single slab of
PZT cut into a collection of separate pieces called elements. Each active
element is connected by a wire to its own electronic circuitry int he
ultrasound system.
The linear phased array has ___ moving parts. And the beam is steered and
focused using an electrical techniques called _________. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSno, phasing
What is the image shape created by a phased array? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSfan or sector-shaped
Elements of a phased array are what shape? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSrectangular and narrow
Sound beams are focused ___________ with linear phased array transducers. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSelectronically
Advantage of phased array systems is: - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe availability
of electronically controlled, adjustable focusing, which allows the
sonographer to match the beam's characteristics to the clinical
circumstances.
Damage to one of the elements of a phased array transducer results in... -
CORRECT-ANSWERSinconsistent or erratic beam steering and focusing.
How many elements in a phased array probe are excited to create a single
sound pulse? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAll the active elements in a linear phased
array probe are fired to create each sound beam.
What is the beam former? - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe electronics within the
ultrasound system that create the voltages to the transducer element
When the spike line is straight, an ____________ is created. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSunfocused sound beam
, How does the pattern of electrical spikes from the beam former focus the
sound beam during transmission? - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhen the outer
crystals are excited earlier than the inner crystals, the curved pattern
creates a focused sound beam. This means the beam will be directed
straight ahead.
Brightness of the display is affected by? - CORRECT-ANSWERSReceiver
amplification (gain)
Acoustic speckle is an artifact produced by what? - CORRECT-
ANSWERSinterference of tiny acoustic wavelets
Side lobe artifact is a result of what condition? - CORRECT-ANSWERSAcoustic
energy radiating in a direction different than the main axis of the beam
Related or Proportional - CORRECT-ANSWERSTwo items that are associated
or affiliated
However, the relationship between the items does not have to be specified
Directly related or Directly proportional - CORRECT-ANSWERSTwo items that
are associated such that when one item increases, the other increases
Inversely related or inversely proportional - CORRECT-ANSWERSTwo items
are associated such that when one item increases, the other decreases
Reciprocal Relationship - CORRECT-ANSWERSWhen two numbers with a
reciprocal relationship are multiplied together, the result is one
Reciprocal numbers are inverse because when one increases, the other
decreases
For a numerical answer to a question to be comprehensive, it requires a -
CORRECT-ANSWERSUnit
"Increase by a factor" means - CORRECT-ANSWERSTo multiply by that
number
"Decrease by a factor" means - CORRECT-ANSWERSTo divide by that number
Scientific or engineering notation is a shorthand manner to represent what
types of numbers? - CORRECT-ANSWERSVery large or very small numbers
A number in scientific notation form with a positive exponent has a value -
CORRECT-ANSWERSGreater than 10
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