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FIS 201 Final Exam study guide test with 100% correct answers
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FIS 201 Final Exam study guide test with 100% correct answers
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FIS 201 Final Exam study guide test with100% correct answers
T/F: From it's inception, Forensic science has moved more towards a generalist model in which
individual forensic scientists work across a variety of disciplines - ANS False
Which term best describes when a laboratory has agreed to operate according to a professional
or industry standard and has proven that it can and does operate that way - ANS
Accreditation
A person who is accused of a criminal act - ANS Defendant
A citizen who initiates civil legal action against another - ANS Plaintiff
A group of people who evaluate the preliminary evidence to determine if a full trial should
proceed - ANS Grand Jury
The entity which evaluates evidence to determine the outcome of the trial - ANS Trier of fact
The portion of the trial where jury members or forensic experts are evaluated for their ability to
participate in a trial - ANS Voir dire
Which scientist or scientists are responsible for the first book on hair analysis - ANS Victor
Balthazard and Marcell Lambert
Which pioneering forensic scientists made significant contributions in the area of firearms
evidence analysis - ANS Victor Balthazard and Calvin Goddard
The set of rules that governs the proper, acceptable, and honest behavior of a forensic scientist
are called the - ANS ethics
The main significance of Sherlock Holmes to the history of forensics was that Holmes invented a
new test for blood - ANS False
Which specialist would be responsible for identifying the voice of someone who has left a
threatening phone call on the governor's voice mail - ANS Digital examiner
Which statement(s) is/are about the Daubert decision - ANS The judge is the sole arbiter of
whether or not scientific evidence is admissible, scientific data must be specifically relevant to
the case at hand, and evidence that is admissible under Frye is also admissible under Daubert
,T/F: Evidence with class characteristics can be associated with a particular suspect - ANS
False
T/F: A significant reason that the admissibility of all forensic evidence must be considered is to
weed out "junk science" - ANS True
T/F: Historical investigations using proxy data are by definition forensic - ANS False
Evidence that is accepted as true until proven otherwise - ANS Prima Facie Evidence
Evidence which cannot be presented to the court due to its method of collection - ANS
Tainted evidence
Evidence which tends to contradict the prosecution's hypothesis of guilt - ANS Exculpatory
evidence
Evidence which shows either guilt or innocence in conjunction with other evidence - ANS
Corroborating evidence
Evidence based on logical inference, not direct observation - ANS Circumstantial evidence
Evidence that 100% stands as offered - ANS Conclusive evidence
T/F: I look at an image and decide that it depicts the specific individual known as Superman. I
have just performed the task of identification - ANS False
T/F: A negative control is a sample of material evidence is found upon. When analyzed, we
expect it to give a negative result - ANS True
T/F: An important ethical consideration for forensic scientists and crime scene investigators is
being aware and open about possibility of error in our tools, techniques, and our interpretation
thereof - ANS True
For small police departments, which form of forensic education is currently the most common for
crime scene investigators - ANS A police officer with additional training
How does the general or idealized scientific method differ from the way it is typically
implemented by forensic scientists - ANS Forensic scientists usually start from observations
before developing a hypothesis
How should we test the idea that some form of tool or other force was used to vandalize a
monument - ANS Collect several pieces of granite of similar shape and thickness and hit
each one with a different tool
,T/F: In a civil trial, the offense is called a "tort", whereas in criminal trials it is either a
misdemeanor or a felony - ANS True
What is the purpose of a scientific journal such as "Forensic Science International" - ANS To
keep practitioners up to date
What was Alexander Lacassagne's main contribution to forensic science - ANS He helped
people understand how people died and decomposed
Which forensic specialty would handle a potential bite mark - ANS Odontologist
Which group is the ultimate destination for physical evidence and forensic information - ANS
District attorneys
Which section would you only expect to find in a crime lab that served a large, urban population
- ANS Violent crime case review
T/F: A difference of opinion between two experts indicates that one of the experts is unethical -
ANS False
A person is found cut into little pieces. Blood from the victim is found on my chainsaw. What is
logically the defensible conclusion - ANS The chainsaw was the tool used to cut up the victim
Someone has sprayed "Go Pitt" in grey paint all over Woodburn hall. Based on video footage
from the night, Alice Trumbull is arrested. Police find flecks of grey paint on a pair of shoes in
her car.
Based on this scenario, choose the accurate descriptors for each component of the crime, given
the hypothesis that Alice is our culprit.
1. The fact the there are grey flecks of paint on the shoes and grey paint was used at the scene
2. Alice is a fine arts major at WVU currently taking a painting class
3. Surveillance footage of the night of the act, showing Alice in the act - ANS 1. Incriminating,
corroborating, and circumstantial
2. Exculpatory, conflicting, and circumstantial
3. Incriminating, corroborating, and prima facie
T/F: Eyewitness testimony is a form of admissible evidence - ANS True
Most fingerprints are invisible until they have been developed using fingerprint powder,
superglue fuming, or other techniques. What stage of evidence analysis would these generally
be identified with - ANS Detection
Steps of evidence analysis in order - ANS Detection, preservation, identification, association,
and reconstruction
, Which of the following conditions would tend to lead to eyewitness error by the victim - ANS
A man is carjacked at knifepoint by someone of a different race
Linkage of persons, scenes or objects is based on what - ANS Edmond Locard's exchange
principle
Duties of a first responder - ANS Detain the witnesses and secure the boundaries of the
crime scene
A good example of a fixed point for sketching a crime scene would be - ANS Utility pole
T/F: A crime scenes boundaries are set and cannot be changed once defined - ANS False
When should documentary notes be taken - ANS During the on-scene investigation
When taking notes for documentation, "scene description information" consists of which of the
following - ANS Weather information and major structures
___ sketching is a method using a line between two fixed points. Evidence is measured at right
angles to the line - ANS Baseline
Which stage of crime scene reconstruction is this: "After scene examination and observation,
physical evidence such as fingerprints or impression pattern evidence is used to create a
working idea of how the crime happened - ANS Hypothesis formation
This type of search is usually only effective on crime scenes with no physical
boundaries/obstacles or regular boundaries - ANS Spiral
T/F: One of the advantages of digital imaging is that it enables many more photos to be taken of
a given crime scene - ANS True
T/F: If the contents need to air dry, evidence packing may only be partially sealed with tape, as
long as the contents aren't accessible - ANS False
Videography of a crime scene should include: - ANS Sn opening segment showing the
general orientation of the scene and a focus on the potential entry/exit methods of the
perpetrator
On sketches, the portion containing the case number, offense type, victim name, location, etc. is
known as the - ANS Documentation block
Describe the relationship between videography, still photography, and sketching on a crime
scene - ANS The three are complimentary, each serving a slightly different purpose
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