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CCRN PEDS Cardiovascular Exam Practice Questions and Answers
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CCRN PEDS Cardiovascular Exam Practice Questions and Answers 1. Your pediatric patient has the following parameters HR 80 BP 100/60 SV 40 BSA 0.9 m2 The cardiac index (CI) for this patient is A. 4.4 L/min B. 3.2 L/min/m2 C. 3.5 L/min/m2 D. 3200 mL/m2 - ANSWER-C. The cardiac index for thi...

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  • November 3, 2024
  • 38
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024




CCRN PEDS Cardiovascular Exam Practice

Questions and Answers


1. Your pediatric patient has the following parameters


HR 80


BP 100/60


SV 40


BSA 0.9 m2




The cardiac index (CI) for this patient is


A. 4.4 L/min


B. 3.2 L/min/m2


C. 3.5 L/min/m2


D. 3200 mL/m2 - ANSWER✔✔-C. The cardiac index for this patient is 3.5.




First, you must calculate the cardiac output (HR X SV) or (80 X 40 =3200 = 3.2 L/min). Then, use the

following equation: (CI = CO/BSA) or (3.2/0.9 = 3.55 L/min/m2)




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,Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


The CI is a more specific indicator of hemodynamic status than cardiac output. The CO has a broader

range of 4 to 8 L/min. To make a numbers specific to an individual, the person's body surface area is

included in the equation. Then the normal range becomes 2.5-4.0 L/min/m2


2. Calculate the cardiac output for a 16 year old patient with a heart rate of 72 and a stroke volume of 70

mL




A. 55%


B. 5.04 L/min


C. 504 mL/min


D. 1.02 L/min - ANSWER✔✔-B. Normal cardiac output for a 16 year old should be in the range of 4 to 8

L/min. The formula for calculating this value is CO = HR x SV. In this case, 72 (HR) x 70 (SV) = 5040

mL/min. Converted to liters, the answer would equal 5.04 L/min.


3. What is the mean arterial pressure for a patient with a blood pressure of 110/50 and a heart rater of

80




A. 80


B. 70


C. 50


D. 60 - ANSWER✔✔-B. The MAP is a mean pressure that takes into account the fact that the diastolic

phase represents two-thirds of the cardiac cycle. It is calculated as follows: MAP = (2(DBP) + (SBP))/3. If



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,Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


you took the average of the two pressures only, it would not account for the importance of the diastolic

phase. The HR is not entered into this calculation. Patients should maintain a MAP of at least 60 mmHg

to ensure adequate perfusion to the brain and kidneys.


4. Which of the following percentages would be considered a normal value for an ejection fraction (EF)?




A. 25%


B. 35%


C. 40%


D. 60% - ANSWER✔✔-D. The ejection fraction should be over 50%. This is the amount of blood ejected

from the left ventricle compared to the total amount available. This amount is expressed as a

percentage. For example, if the ventricle contains 90 mL of blood and 50 mL is ejected, the amount

would be represented as a percentage--in this case, 55%. An ejection fraction of 35% or less indicates a

problem with contractility, outflow, or filling.


5. The ejection fraction (EF) most closely represents which of the following hemodynamic parameters




A. RVEDP


B. PAOP


C. RVP




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D. LVEDP - ANSWER✔✔-D. The ejection fraction (EF) most closely represents left ventricular end-diastolic

pressure (LVEDP). EF and LVEDP are closely related. The LVEDP is the volume of blood under pressure left

after the end of contraction.


6. Tetralogy of Fallot manifests itself by which of the following combinations of defects?




A. VSD, overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy


B. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, and PDA


C. ASD, mitral prolapse, PDA, and pulmonary stenosis


D. Mitral stenosis, PDA, ASD, and coarctation of the aorta - ANSWER✔✔-A. Tetraology of Fallot manifests

itself by the following combinations of defects: VSD, overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, and right

ventricular hypertrophy. This condition results in low oxygenation of blood due to the mixing of

oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the left ventricle via the VSD and mixing of blood from both

ventricles through the aorta because of the obstruction to flow through the pulmonary valve. The end

result is a left to right shunt. The primary symptom of tetralogy of Fallot is low blood oxygen saturation,

with or without cyanosis, from birth or developing in the first year of life. If the baby is not cyanotic, then

the condition is sometimes referred to as "pink tet." Other symptoms include a harsh grade II to IV

systolic murmur with a thrill, difficulty in feeding, failure ot gain weight, retarded growth, physical

development. Polycythemia may be present with dyspnea on exertion, along with clubbing of the fingers

and toes.




Children with TOF may exhibit "tet spells." The precise mechanism of these episodes is unknown, but

they may result from a transient increase in resistance to blood flow to the lungs along with increased

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