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John Locke - correct answer Who: An English Philosopher What: Wrote the Social Contract Theory and establish the idea of the Natural Rights of Men. (God given rights) When: 1690 Where: Born in Wrington, England Significance: The Natural Rights of Men is the ...

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VU American History Unit 2 Test

John Locke - correct answer Who: An English Philosopher

What: Wrote the Social Contract Theory and establish the idea of the Natural Rights of Men. (God given
rights)

When: 1690

Where: Born in Wrington, England

Significance: The Natural Rights of Men is the basis of the American Government. It created the idea
that government exists to protect the natural rights. Also created the idea that if the government
becomes tyrannical the people have the right and obligation to revolt



Thomas Jefferson - correct answer Who: A founding father of America

What: Wrote the declaration of independence based on the ideas of John Locke.

When: July 4th, 1776

Where: The declaration was signed in Philadelphia

Significance: Writes the document that declares America as independent, which will make the US a new
country. His ideas in the declaration will affect the ideas in the Constitution. (no taxation without
representation, no quartering of soldiers in times of peace, etc...)



George Washington - correct answer Who: An American military commander during
the revolution.

What: He was the messenger to warn the French that they were trespassing of Virginian land during the
French-Indian War. He led a military expedition west to defend Virginia without being the aggressor.
This would allow him to gain experience and later lead the Continental Army in the American
Revolution. When the Constitution is established, he becomes the 1st president of the United States and
is given the task to create a working government.

When: Begins serving his presidency in 1789

Where: Virginia

Significance: He will begin presidential traditions including the limit of 2 terms for each president. He will
also impact the government by appointing a cabinet, which each president will begin doing.

, John Adams - correct answer Who: A colonial lawyer

What: Defended the British soldiers after the Boston Massacre. He was able to prove that there was
reasonable doubt that the captain and his soldiers intentionally fired into the crowd of boys and men. 7
men were acquitted and only 2 were convicted.

When: March 5th, 1770

Where: Boston, Massachusetts

Significance: He impacts the US legal system, by creating reasonable doubt. To be guilty they must have
committed a crime beyond a reasonable doubt.



Boston Massacre - correct answer Who: 9 British Soldiers, boys/men, and John
Adams.

What: There was a crowd of boys and men rioting outside the Custom House, throwing rocks and had
clubs and were taunting the British soldiers daring the soldiers to fire at them. It is believed that the
commander was in front of his men, but someone behind the men yelled "Fire!!!" and so the soldiers
believed that it was their captain, and proceeded to fire. 5 were killed, 11 were wounded. 7 soldiers
were acquitted and 2 were convicted of manslaughter.

When: March 5th, 1770

Where: Boston, Massachusetts

Significance: Impacts the US legal system, by creating reasonable doubt. To be guilty they must have
committed a crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Also creates the need for sufficient evidence, including
primary sources.



Enlightenment - correct answer Who: Baron de Montesquieu, John Locke, and
Rousseau.

What: An intellectual movement having emphasis on science, logic, and reasoning. Looking for more of
an answer than God's Will. Montesquieu created the idea of the separation of powers. Locke and
Rousseau created the Social Contract Theory that said all men have natural, God given, rights.

When: 18th century. Social Contract Theory was written in 1690.

Where: A European phenomenon that affects thinking in colonial America

Significance: Makes people challenge authority. Sets the standards for the US government after the
American Revolution.



Defensive Strategy - correct answer Who: Continental Army and George
Washington

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