Class notes
Psy 101 Chapter 2 Lecture Notes
- Course
- Psy 101
- Institution
- Liberty University
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on; chapter 2 for Psy 101. *Essential for positive change!!
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“Introduction to Psychology From A Christian Worldview” byProfessor Shawn George
Chapter Two Definitions
Evolution- “A scientific theory that holds that present life forms have developed from
preexisting species through a series of modifications governed by laws of natural
selection and diversification of species (Darwin, 1859).”
Brain- “A complex clustering of nerve cells that is centrally involved in coordinating
activities and events in various parts of an organism. The human brain is reputedly the
most complex structure in the universe.”
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis- “The belief that language is essential for and determines
thought (strong form); or the belief that language limits but does not determine thought
(weak form). Not supported by experimental research.”
Neurons- “Specialized information-processing cells that make up the brain; they control
sensations, thinking, and movement. A single nerve cell, the smallest unit of the nervous
system and its basic structural unit. The function of the neuron is to transmit impulses,
which are basically electrical but are made possible through chemical changes; building
blocks of the brain.”
, Glial Cells- “Cells that support neural functioning. Among other functions, they clean out
debris and form protective coatings around nerves. Not directly involved in information-
processing.”
Nervous System- “All parts of the body composed of nerve cells, the function of which
is to transmit messages. The major components of the human nervous system are the
brain, the spinal cord, receptor systems associated with the major senses, and other nerve
cells implicated in the functioning of muscles and glands. Electrical and chemical
communication system within our bodies.”
Receptors- “Specialized cells or groups of cells that respond to sensory stimulation.”
Effector- “A specialized cell or organ that carries out a response to a nerve impulse.”
Axon- “The elongated part of a nerve cell. Axons ordinarily transmit impulses from the
cell body to adjoining dendrites.”
Dendrites- “Hair-like extensions emanating from the cell body of the neuron. Dendrites
ordinarily receive impulses from adjoining axons.”
Myelin Sheath- “An insulating, protective coating that surrounds nerve fibers and
facilitates neural transmission. Made up of glial cells.”
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