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NTR 401 Final Exam Questions with Verified Answers
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NTR 401 Final Exam Questions with Verified Answers
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NTR 401 Final Exam Questions withVerified Answers
Substance that is needed in a metabolic reaction or a tissue structure that cannot be
synthesized in humans. - Answer-indispensable nutrient
UL refers to: - Answer-"Tolerable Upper Intake Limit" is a nutrient intake above which
the risk for harm begins to increase
"Reference height and weight" refers to - Answer-Height and weight of American men
and women with a healthy BMI, used to provide a representative nutrient intake for a
population for nutrients that should be consumed in quantities based on body weight or
energy intake
Hormones produced in the stomach that signals hunger so as to elicit food-seeking
behavior - Answer-Ghrelin
Hormone produced in the small intestine that signals the brain to cease food-intake -
Answer-Cholecystokinin
Hormone produced in the adipose tissues that signals the brain to reduced food-intake:
- Answer-Leptin
Hormone produced in the liver that signals the intestine to reduce iron absorption: -
Answer-Hepcidin
"Zymogen" can be defined as: - Answer-Protein that can become an active enzyme
through proteolysis at a location outside the cells where it is synthesized
The absorptive cells lining the gastrointestinal tract are called: - Answer-enterocytes
The hormonal feedback loop between the last segment of the small intestine and the
pyloric sphincter, involving substance GLP-1, is: - Answer-ileal brake
A protein that binds zinc (or copper) for storage in the intestinal epithelial cells and
therefore slows the rate of Zn absorption is: - Answer-Metallothionein
An age-related loss of the enzyme that hydrolyzes the disaccharide B-D-
galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose is known as "hypolactasia". The outcome of this
condition is: - Answer-Reduced ability to digest milk sugar
Phytate (phytic acid) is a - Answer-component of grains and legumes that chelates
minerals in the diet and reduces their absorption
, The "Adequate Macronutrient Distribution Range" is: - Answer-The percentage of daily
calories from each energy source that provides a reduced risk for chronic disease
The best way to change the dietary intake of a population for a given nutrient is to: -
Answer-educate people about food choices or modify the nutrient profile of foods most
commonly eaten
Which factors were least likely to be considered important in determining the age and
gender categories for dietary reference intakes? - Answer-Different racial and ethnic
groups may have different nutrient requirements
The brain initiates or reduces food-seeking behavior by integrating various signals,
including all of the following except: - Answer-vitamin storage in the liver
The process of "digestion" serves all of the following functions except - Answer-moves
food components from the gut into the bloodstream
As soon as food is eaten, the hormone, gastrin - Answer-stimulates hydrochloric acid
secretion by the stomach's parietal cells
All of the following are considered to be exocrine glands associated with the
gastrointestinal tract: - Answer-gastric glands, salivary glands, pancreas
All of the following are considered to be exocrine glands associated with the
gastrointestinal tract (EXCEPT): - Answer-thyroid gland
An enzyme that breaks the alpha 1-4 bonds of straight chain glucose polymers is -
Answer-amylase
A transport enzyme that couples the sodium gradient that exists between the gut lumen
and the inside of the enterocytes to the uptake of a monosaccharide is - Answer-SGLT-
1
Which of the following components does NOT have a qualitatively important role in the
breakdown and absorption of fats in the intestine? - Answer-Salivary Lipase
The dietary component that is the precursor of monoacylglyceride and 2 molecules of
free fatty acid in the gut is called - Answer-triacylglycerol
According to the Institute of Medicine's Dietary Reference Intake guidelines, a
nutritionist using the RDA to plan meals for a population must take into account several
sources of variation that allow calculation of the percentage of the population that would
meet their requirements. Among the following, the least important source of uncertainty
would be: - Answer-Organic foods have different nutrient content than conventionally
grown foods, as is usually noted on the labels or in the nutrient database
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