Statistics Chapter 1-4
Exam Questions and
Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Population - Answer: the entire collection of individuals or objects about which information is desired.
may be considered to be finite or infinite
Census - Answer: a collection of data from every member of the population
Sample - Answer: a sub-collection or subset of a population selected for study
Parameter - Answer: a numerical characteristic of a population
Statistic - Answer: a numerical characteristic of a sample
Variable - Answer: the characteristic about which we are interested
Data - Answer: the observations that have been collected
Qualitative Data - Answer: categorical or attribute data
Quantitative Data - Answer: numerical data
Discrete Data - Answer: count dataquantitative)
, Continuous Data - Answer: measure dataquantitative)
Sampling Error - Answer: the difference between the result of a sample and the result for the entire
population. caused by random fluctuations of the sample- i.e. by chance
Normal - Answer: bell-shaped distribution
Statistically Significant - Answer: observation that is extremely unlikely to happen simply by chance
Descriptive Statistics - Answer: the collection, presentation, and description of data
Inferential Statistics - Answer: interpreting the data in order to draw conclusions about the population,
based on information obtained from a sample
Frequency Distribution - Answer: a chart or table giving the values of a variable together with their
corresponding frequencies
Blood Type - Answer: example of a frequency distribution for qualitative data
Class Width - Answer: the difference between two consecutive lower class boundaries
Class Midpoints - Answer: the center value of each class
Relative Frequency - Answer: a proportional measure of frequency, calculated by dividing the frequency
of that class by the total frequency of the data set
Pie Chart - Answer: a circular graph showing the relationships of parts to a whole, only one variable at a
time may be displayed
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