Chapter 01: Trends and Issues Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing 8th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which fact explains the shift of health care focus toward the older adult in the late 1960s?
a. Disability was viewed as unavoidable.
b. Complications from disease increased mortality.
c. Older adult...
1. Which fact explains the shift of health care focus toward the older adult in the late 1960s?
a. Disability was viewed as unavoidable.
b. Complications from disease increased mortality.
c. Older adults’ needs are similar to those of all adults.
d. Preventive health care practices increased longevity.
ANS: D
Increased preventive health care practices, disease control, and focus on wellness helped people live
longer.
PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: p. 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Aging Trends KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
NOT: Understanding
2. To which age group does the term “aged” apply?
a. 55–64 years of age
b. 65–74 years of age
c. 75–84 years of age
d. 85 and older
ANS: C
The term aged refers to persons who are 75–84 years of age.
PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: p. 2 | Table 1.1
OBJ: 1 TOP: Age Categories
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Growth and Development
NOT: Remembering
3. Which is true of ageism?
a. It is discrimination against persons solely on the basis of age.
b. It causes a person to fear aging.
, c. It involves the use of cultural sensitivity to address concerns of aging.
d. It focuses on resources for the older adult.
ANS: A
Ageism is a negative belief pattern that influences persons to discriminate against persons solely on the
basis of age and can lead to destructive behaviors toward the older adult.
PTS: 1 DIF: 4 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3
TOP: Ageism KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Psychosocial Adaptation
NOT: Understanding
4. Which legislation has been the most beneficial legislation that has influenced health care for the older
adult?
a. Medicare and Medicaid
b. Elimination of the mandatory retirement age
c. The Americans with Disabilities Act
d. The Drug Benefit Program
ANS: A
The broadest sweeping legislation beneficial to the older adult is Medicare and Medicaid. The
elimination of the mandatory retirement age does not apply to health care. The Americans with
Disabilities Act deals with all Americans with disabilities, not just the older adult. The Drug Benefit
Program was added to Medicare, but deals only with medications.
5. Which housing option for the older adult offers the privacy of an apartment with restaurant-style meals
and some medical and personal care services?
a. Government-subsidized housing
b. Long-term care facility
c. Assisted-living center
d. Group housing plan
ANS: C
Assisted-living arrangements offer the privacy of an apartment or condominium with meals prepared
and served, limited medical care, and a variety of personal services.
6. The 75-year-old man who has been hospitalized following a severe case of pneumonia is concerned
about his mounting hospital bill and asks if his Medicare coverage will pay for his care. Which would
be the most helpful response by the nurse?
a. Medicare Part C pays 50% of all medical costs for persons older than 65.
b. Medicare Part B pays hospital costs and physician fees.
, c. Medicare Part A pays for inpatient hospital costs.
d. Medicare Part D pays 80% of the charges made by physicians.
ANS: C
Medicare Part A pays inpatient hospital costs, Part B pays 80% of physician’s charges, and Part D
helps defray prescription drug costs. Medicare Part C allows individuals to receive health insurance
through private insurance companies and typically pays entire costs.
PTS: 1 DIF: 7 REF: p. 16 OBJ: 6
TOP: Medicare Provisions KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
7. The daughter of a patient who has been diagnosed with terminal cancer asks which documents are
required to allow her to make health care decisions for her parent. Which response would provide the
most accurate information to the daughter?
a. Advance directives indicate the degree of intervention desired by the patient.
b. A ‘Do Not Resuscitate’ document signed by the patient transfers authority to the
next of kin.
c. A durable power of attorney for health care transfers decision-making authority for
health care to a designated person.
d. A living will transfers authority to the physician.
ANS: C
A durable power of attorney for health care transfers the authority for decision making to a designated
person. An advance directive specifies the type of care an individual desires when he cannot speak for
himself. The durable power of attorney is only one type of advance directive. A “Do Not Resuscitate”
document states that the patient wishes to die naturally with no intervention. A living will prohibits the
use of life-prolonging measures.
PTS: 1 DIF: 7 REF: p. 19 OBJ: 11
TOP: Advance Directives KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
8. The daughter of a resident in a long-term care facility is frustrated with her 80-year-old mother’s
refusal to eat. Which response would be the most appropriate?
a. The refusal to eat is an effort to maintain a portion of independence and self-
direction.
b. The refusal to eat is an indication of approaching Alzheimer disease.
c. The refusal to eat is an effort to gain attention.
d. The refusal to eat is an indication of the dislike of the institutional food.
ANS: A
Loss of independence and control is a significant issue for the older adult. Some residents will exercise
whatever control they may retain.
PTS: 1 DIF: 7 REF: p. 21 OBJ: 11
TOP: Loss of Independence KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation NOT: Applying
9. When do the conditions of a living will go into effect?
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