JCCC BIOL 225 - Exam 1 Review
Questions and Answers
Kinetic energy - Answer-energy stored in chemical bonds
What are the two kinds of potential energy? - Answer-bond and concentration gradient
What is potential energy? - Answer-stored energy
Bond energy - Answer-when the bond breaks, the kinetic energy is released from the
bond. (EX: ATP)
When ions flow down their concentration gradient ________ energy is released? -
Answer-kinetic energy
What molecules are phospholipids composed of? - Answer-fatty acids
(phospholipids have two fatty acids attached to a polar head group)
What are the building blocks of lipids? - Answer-fatty acids
Enzymes increase reaction rate by... - Answer-lowering activation energy of a reaction
All enzymes are proteins but... - Answer-not all proteins are enzymes
The enzyme must match the shape of the __________ perfectly for it to function. -
Answer-ligand
Relationship between pH and hydrogen ions? - Answer-pH and hydrogen ions are
inversely proportional
As pH goes down, the H+ ions go... - Answer-up
As pH goes up, the H+ ions go... - Answer-down
What 3 things can serve as sources of bond energy for ATP production? - Answer-
glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids
When is ATP made? - Answer-when other molecules have their bonds broken
Which source of energy gets the most energy out of their bonds? - Answer-fatty acids
ATP synthase transfers the ________ energy of the H+ ions flowing down their
concentration gradient to the high-energy phosphate bond of ________. - Answer-
kinetic, ATP
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