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JCCC Microbiology Exam 2 Questions and Answers
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JCCC Microbiology Exam 2 Questions and Answers
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JCCC Microbiology Exam 2 Questionsand Answers
Psychrophiles - Answer-bacteria that grow is colder environments
Thermophiles - Answer-bacteria that grow is hotter environments
Mesophiles - Answer-grow best in moderate temperature(37c, Us)
Biofilm - Answer-community of different bacteria that survive on a surface, resistant to
antibiotics
Selective Media - Answer-selects one kins of bacteria while inhibits other from growing
Differential Media - Answer-distinguishes two different organisms on same plat(blood)
Enrichment Media - Answer-promotes growth of specific organism by giving it nutrients
it needs( peptone, beef extract, sodium chloride, agar, water)
Colony - Answer-pile of bacteria, visible by naked eye, derive from single bacteria
Obligate Anaerobes - Answer--grow where there is no oxygen
-cant detoxify oxygen
Obligate Aerobes - Answer--grow abundantly in oxygen, need oxygen to survive
Facilitated Anaerobes - Answer--creates energy with oxygen but is not needed
Aerotolerant Anaerobes - Answer--detoxifies oxygen but doesn't use it for energy
Microaerophiles - Answer--can't survive in full oxygen
Lag Phase - Answer--first stage
-bacteria lands in env, adjusts to new env, little growth, collect nutrients
Log Phase - Answer--second stage
-exponential growth, importing nutrients, most productive, accurate, healthy, were
optimal feature are expressed
Stationary Phase - Answer--third stage
-die at same rate created, plateau, nutrients start to run out and waste builds up
Death Phase - Answer--fourth stage
-exponential decrease in number, waste buildup to toxic levels, nutrients run out
, Binary Fission - Answer--process that Eukaryotes(bacteria) use to reproduce(asexual)
Generation time - Answer--how long it takes the Eukaryotes(bacteria) to go through
Binary Fission
Growth Rate - Answer-- one dived by the generation time
Direct Measurement of Growth - Answer-1. Serial Dilution(standard plate count)
2. Filtration
3. Most probable number- number is dilution, calculate, least accurate
4. Microscope count- slide with grid, volume calculation
Indirect Measurement of growth - Answer-1. Turbidity- use of spectophotrometer to see
how much light passes through
2. Dry Weight- dry bacteria and weigh
3. Metabolic products- measure metabolic output to determine growth
Sterilization - Answer-destroying all life forms
Disinfection - Answer-destroy pathogens on surface
Degerming - Answer-removing microbes(washing hands)(wipe off before injection)
Antisepsis - Answer-destroy pathogens from living tissue
Sanitation - Answer-lower microbial count(food)
Bactericidal - Answer-killing pathogen
Bacteriostatic - Answer-stoping pathogen growth
4 facts that affect microbe death - Answer-number of microbes, type of microbes, time
of exposure, material it is found in
2 ways antimicrobial agents kill microbes - Answer-denaturing proteins, dissolving lipids
in membrane
Microbial control - Answer-Heat- denatures proteins
Alcohol-dissolve lipids in membran
Radiation- can damage microbes DNA(ultraviolet and gamma rays)
Halogens- destroy proteins and lipids in membranes(bleach, chlorine, iodine)
Effectiveness of Disinfectant - Answer-Disk diffusion Assay- soak filter paper in
chemical, place on bacteria, measure gap
Use Dilution test- dilute out the chemical and see how much it takes to kill bacteria
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