UTA A&P II Ch. 18 Endocrine System Questions With
Complete Solutions
2nd messenger of water-soluble protein hormone action Correct
Answer chemical messenger NOT protein
Not necessarily 2nd in the pathway!
May act as enzyme activator, inhibitor, or cofactor
Results in change in rates of metabolic reactions
ACTH Correct Answer stimulates release of glucocorticoids by
cortex (outer portion) of the adrenal glands
Adrenal cortex Correct Answer site of secretion of steroid
hormones aldosterone and cortisol
adrenal medulla Correct Answer site of secretion of
catecholamines
Aldosterone Correct Answer stimulus low blood pressure or
blood volume, renin system activates it or high K+
Functions to raise blood pressure and volume by conserving
water at kidneys
How? Increase Na+ absorption in kidneys, water follows,
increase blood volume and therefore pressure
Antagonistic effect- Correct Answer hormone actions oppose
each other
antagonistic effects of insulin and glucagon Correct Answer
When levels rise: Beta cells secrete insulin, stimulating transport
of glucose across plasma membranes
When levels decline: Alpha cells release glucagon, stimulating
glucose release by liver
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