100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: EXAM (CHAPTERS 1-4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS $15.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: EXAM (CHAPTERS 1-4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

 0 view  0 purchase
  • Course
  • PSYCHOLOGY
  • Institution
  • PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: EXAM (CHAPTERS 1-4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Preview 3 out of 17  pages

  • November 6, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PSYCHOLOGY
  • PSYCHOLOGY
avatar-seller
biggdreamer
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: EXAM
(CHAPTERS 1-4) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is cognitive psychology? - Answer--the scientific study of mental processing (what
the mind does)

Speech perception - Answer--understood a request (ex. asked to answer a question on
board; how many hands did Aristotle have?)

Object recognition - Answer-Recognized board

Attention - Answer-Shifted attention toward screen

Reading - Answer-Read and comprehended words

Memory retrieval - Answer--searched memory for info on Aristotle
-general knowledge (semantic memory)
-specific instances (episodic memory)

Judgement - Answer-"this seems so silly, do I have to answer this?"

Reasoning - Answer-Never learned that he had two, so made an inference

Speech production - Answer-Verbalize response

Types of "data examined" - Answer--Cognitive psychology
-Cognitive neuroscience
-Cognitive neuropsychology

Cognitive psychology - Answer--behavioral measures used because we cannot directly
observe mental processes

Cognitive neuroscience - Answer--the attempt to use info about behavior AND the brain
to understand human cognition

Cognitive neuropsychology - Answer-

Behavioral Data and Cognitive Psychology - Answer--Reaction Time (RT)

Reaction Time - Answer--how quickly a task is performed
-provides a measure of:
-difficulty

,-harder tasks take longer
-number of mental steps involved
-more steps take longer
-interference in processing
-conflicting information causes you to take longer
-Accuracy (ACC)
-how many errors someone makes when performing task

Behavioral Data and Inferences - Answer-Problem:
-can't observe mental events directly
-can look at speed/accuracy with which people perform tasks (ex. remembering what
you wore yesterday, last week, etc.)
-manipulate characteristics

Types of Data: Reaction Time example - Answer--Flanker Task: Exploring attention
-identify center item (target), ex. X or N
-respond with key press
-ignore flanking items
-manipulate:
-flankers compatible with target
-flankers closer or farther away

Possible model of attention - Answer--attention selects a region of space (like a
spotlight)
-info in selected region influences response selection
lower limit to spatial resolution of attentional focus
-this attentional focus can only get so small
-flankers inside or outside of the spotlight

Types of Data: Accuracy example - Answer--plate, leaf, shoe, cabin, bed, ice, barn,
fence
-primacy and recency effect

Neurons - Answer--cells specialized to create, receive, and transmit information in
nervous system
-dendrites
-cell body
-axon

Dendrites - Answer--expands cell body, can receive more synapses

Action Potential - Answer--neuron receives a signal
-information travels down the axon of that neuron to the dendrites of another neuron

Measuring action potentials - Answer--micro electrodes pick up electric signal
-comparing charge inside and outside of neuron

, -potential typically -70mv at resting state

Propagation of action potential - Answer--depolarization occurs when Na+ ion channels
open, allowing positive ions to enter the cell
-depolarization at one location on axon leads to opening of Na+ channels at neighboring
locations
-depolarization spreads down axon
-myelin sheath spreads signal transmission
-signal jumps from node to node

Measuring action potentials - Answer--the size is NOT measured; size remains
consistent
-the rate of firing is measured

Low intensities => - Answer-Slow firing rate

High intensities => - Answer-Fast firing rate

Synapse - Answer-space between axon terminal buttons of one neuron and dendrite or
cell body of another

When the action potential reaches the end of the axon... - Answer-synaptic vesicles
open and release chemical neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters influence... - Answer-response of receiving neuron
-act to increase or decrease

Representation in the Brain - Answer--Mind creates representations of your
environment
-Hubel and Wiesel (1960s)

Mind creates representations of your environment - Answer--Distal stimulus
-Proximal stimulus

Distal stimulus - Answer-Actual object in environment

Proximal stimulus - Answer-energy reaching sensory receptors

Sensory receptors convert energy (proximal stimulus) into... - Answer-neural response

Pattern of neural activation - Answer--which neurons are activated (and how much)
-this forms your representation of what is present in environment
-ex. I see his water bottle, but the bottle isn't actually in my head

Hubel and Weisel (1960s) - Answer--single cell recordings
-studied neurons in primary visual cortex

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $15.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

85169 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$15.49
  • (0)
  Add to cart