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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY (EXAM 4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY (EXAM 4) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY (EXAM 4)QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Personality - Answer-Is a pattern of enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and
behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world.
Psychodynamic Perspectives - Answer-Theoretical view emphasizing that personality is
primarily unconscious (beyond awareness).
Sigmund Freud - Answer-(1856-1939)
Neurologist
Lots of problems with psychoanalytic theory, but...
He was a brilliant theorist!
He forced us to think about unconscious influences!
Somatogenic - Answer-Disorder caused by physiological agents
Psychogenic - Answer-Disorder caused by psychological agents
Freud's studies with Jean Chacot - Answer-Patients had unexplainable physical
symptoms
Glove anasthesia: loss of sensation in the hand, but not the arm
Those suffering from hysteria were unable to be explained in the somatogenic model!
The ID - Answer-The reservoir of our most primitive impulses
Sex
Aggression
The Pleasure Principle - Answer-the id's need for instant gratification
The EGO - Answer-The psyche's executive and principal decision maker
The Reality Principal - Answer-gratification must be delayed until an appropriate outlet
is found
The SUPEREGO - Answer-Our conception of morality
What we often times call conscience
Provides overarching judgments of behavior
The Ideal Principle - Answer-It focuses on how we ought to behave.
, The Three Agencies in Conflict - Answer-We are distressed when our id, ego, and
superego are in conflict
Wish fulfillment - Answer-the expression of the id's desires
Our dreams can be very strange!
The superego is telling the ego to disguise it's threatening desires by using symbols
Anxiety and Defense Mechanisms - Answer-The ego must also cope with threats from
the outside world
If we can't fix the situation, we must fix our perceptions of it!
Defense Mechanisms - Answer-Unconscious maneuvers intended to minimize anxiety
It's psychologically healthy to use defense mechanisms, but an overreliance is
unhealthy -> pathological
Repression - Answer-Pushes unacceptable ID impulses back into the unconscious
mind.
That which is harmful, we forget
Could explain infantile amnesia: childhood is anxiety-provoking
Infantile amnesia is observed in animals, as well.
Denial - Answer-The ego refuses to acknowledge anxiety-producing realities.
"No, my Uncle didn't die..."
"I don't remember ever having been engaged to him..."
"You're thinking of someone else...I didn't say that..."
Regression - Answer-Psychological transformation to a younger (and safer) age
Sucking your thumb
Using simpler words
Needing a safety blanket
Reaction Formation - Answer-Transformation of anxiety-provoking emotion to it's
opposite
"Being homosexual is not comfortable for me...."
"...so I'll denounce it!"
"I know I'm a racist, but that doesn't make me feel good..."
"...so I'll talk about how much I love minorities!"
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