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ANTHRO 101 - BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS $14.49   Add to cart

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ANTHRO 101 - BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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  • Course
  • Biological anthropology
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  • Biological Anthropology

ANTHRO 101 - BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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  • November 6, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Biological anthropology
  • Biological anthropology
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ANTHRO 101 - BIOLOGICAL
ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Biological/Physical Anthropology - Answer-Study of biological and evolutionary
morphological and behavioral traits of humans

Archeology - Answer-Study of material culture and ecological context of prehistoric
human societies

Sociocultural anthropology - Answer-Study of all peoples everywhere and how they
organise their social relationships and societies.

Linguistic anthropology - Answer-Study of how language influences social life

Cultural relativism - Answer-Principle that a person's beliefs and activities should be
understood by others in terms of that persons own culture

Ethnocentrism - Answer-Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions
originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture

Colonialism - Answer-Practice of acquiring political control over another country,
occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

Trepanation - Answer-Surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled into human skull,
exposing the dura mater to treat health problems related to diseases. Used to relieve
pressure.

Darwins 2 Main Contributions - Answer-- Carried out research to conclusively document
that evolution has occurred.
- Discovered the process of natural selection

Influences on Darwin (1) - Answer-Thomas Malthus
Economist observed that more offspring produced than can survive--> Leading to
competition and interspecies competition

Influences on Darwin (2) - Answer-Charles Lyell, geologist popularized (1)
'uniformitarianism' vs (2) 'catastrophism'
(1) Slow changes happening over a vast amount of time
(2) Geological changes were caused due to a catastrophic events that happened

Influences on Darwin (3) - Answer-Artificial selection (breeding, GMO)
Fossils - Change occurs over time

, Influences on Darwin (4) - Answer-Comparative anatomy - Shared traits between bones
and other characteristics. Thought they might have shared ancestors.

Influences on Darwin (5) - Answer-Geographic distribution of traits - beaks were well
adapted to local environments on the islands

Adaptive Radiation - Answer-In Finches, thought adaptive radiation was:
Species that diverged into different types/subspecies that descended from one but
changed over time to survive in their environments

3 Assumptions & Result of Natural Selection - Answer-Assumption 1: Reproducing
entities exist
Assumption 2: Variations exist & can can be passed on
Assumption 3: Variations have reproductive consequences

Result: Over time reproductively superior variation will increase in frequency in the
population, while alternative variations decrease.

Define Natural Selection - Answer-- Process by which favorable heritable traits become
more common in later generations, while unfavorable traits become less common.
Specialization/new species.
- Change in allele frequencies in a population over generations due to the causal effects
alleles have on reproduction

Genes in Evolution - Answer-Genes control the production of specific proteins in living
things by stringing up small amino acid molecules into long protein strands

Components of an Organism - Answer-- Proteins, water, carbohydrates, fats,
vitamins/minerals, DNA (nucleic acids)
- Can be sorted into 5 Kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, protists)

Amino Acids - Answer--20 kinds of AAs, make up all proteins of organisms (H, O2, N, C
& S)
- Attached by peptide bonds
- Food breaks down to form AAs
- Have electrochemical charges that interact with neighboring AA causing the AA to fold
up a specific way creating a protein (diff. sequences create diff. proteins)

Protein synthesis - Answer-Genes determine AA sequence for proteins
- Genes are protein coding units of DNA that restring AA into needed proteins
- Sequence of nucleotides determines sequence of AAs

DNA - Answer-Double helix, sugar phosphate backbone (strong bonds), and nucleic
acids (weak bonds):
Adenine - Thymine

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