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Nursing 101 EXAM 4 – Nutrition Questions with Latest Update
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Nursing 101 EXAM 4 – Nutrition Questions with Latest Update
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Nursing 101 EXAM 4 – NutritionQuestions with Latest Update
The nurse is caring for a client who refuses most foods on the dietary tray. Which
nursing intervention is appropriate?
a) Contact the healthcare provider to prescribe an appetite stimulant.
b) Delegate feeding assistance to the unlicensed assistive personnel.
c) Assess when client generally eats meals.
d) Allow the client privacy during mealtime. - Answer-c) Assess when the client
generally eats meals
Rationale:
There are many reasons a client may refuse food that is served. The nurse should
assess for food preferences, when the client generally eats, whether the client has
digestive concerns, and cultural beliefs about foods. Leaving the client alone to eat, or
simply delegating feeding, does not encourage intake. The client does not need an
appetite stimulant until a full assessment has been conducted and other interventions
have been implemented. (less)
The nurse is teaching an older adult client about different types of proteins that can be
eaten. Which food will the nurse identify that contain dietary protein? (Select all that
apply.)
a) nuts
b) butter
c) beans
d) fish
e) poultry - Answer-• nuts
• beans
• poultry
• fish
Rationale:
Dietary proteins are obtained from animal and plant food sources, which include milk,
meat, fish, poultry, eggs, soy, legumes (peas, beans, and peanuts), nuts, and
components of grains. Butter is a fat and not a source of protein. (less)
A healthy, nonpregnant, nonlactating woman asks the nurse how many calories a day
she should consume. Which response from the nurse is accurate?
a) 1,000 to 1,500 cal/day
b) 2,000 to 3,000 cal/day
,c) 1,600 to 2,400 cal/day
d) 3,000 to 3,500 cal/day - Answer-c) 1,600 to 2,400 cal/day
Rationale:
The number of calories a person needs depends on age, body size, physical condition,
and physical activity. On average, healthy adult women require 1,600 to 2,400 cal/day
and adult men require 2,000 to 3,000 cal/day; the lower end of the range is for
sedentary individuals, whereas the higher end is for active individuals (U.S. Department
of Agriculture, 2010).
A nurse is working with a 46-year-old woman who is working to lose weight. Based on
recommendations from the USDA regarding diet modification, which is not appropriate
advice for this client?
a) Make fruits and vegetables at least half of total food intake.
b) Drink juice for majority of fluid intake.
c) Eat a variety of enjoyable foods, but less quantity.
d) Drink nonfat or 1% milk. - Answer-b) Drink juice for majority of fluid intake.
Rationale:
Water should comprise the majority of fluid intake. The remainder should come from
food sources such as fruit or 100% fruit juices.
A nurse has documented that a client has anorexia. What does this term mean?
a) Fluid deficit
b) Eating more than daily requirements
c) Vitamin C deficiency
d) Lack of appetite - Answer-d) Lack of appetite
Rationale:
Anorexia is lack of appetite. It may be related to multiple factors, including diseases,
psychosocial causes, impaired ability to chew and taste, or inadequate income.
A 28-year-old woman client is in an outpatient clinic with frequent reports of fatigue. Her
physician has prescribed her ferrous sulfate 325 mg to treat iron-deficiency anemia. A
nurse is teaching the client about medication administration. What food would be best
consumed with her ferrous sulfate?
a) a can of soda pop
b) a piece of bread
c) a glass of milk
d) a glass of orange juice - Answer-d) a glass of orange juice
,Rationale:
Concurrent administration of vitamin C and iron helps with iron absorption. Orange juice
is a common and inexpensive dietary source of vitamin C.
A nurse is teaching a client about diabetes and glucose monitoring. What should the
nurse include in the teaching?
a) Glucose levels will decrease with illness and stress.
b) Calibrate the glucose meter every six months.
c) Blood from the fingertips shows changes in glucose more quickly than other testing
sites.
d) Use a forearm sample with signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. - Answer-c) Blood
from the fingertips shows changes in glucose more quickly than other testing sites.
Rationale:
With glucose monitoring, blood from the fingertips shows changes in blood glucose
more quickly than other testing sites. With signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, a
fingertip site should be used. Calibrate the glucose monitors at least every month.
Glucose levels increase with illness and stress to the body.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 26.5. Which category
should the nurse understand this client would be placed in?
a) Overweight
b) Healthy weight
c) Obese
d) Underweight - Answer-a) Overweight
Rationale:
A client with a BMI below 18.5 should be considered underweight. A client with a BMI of
18.5 to 24.9 is considered to be at a healthy weight. A client with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is
considered overweight; a client with a BMI of 30 or greater indicates obesity. A BMI
greater than 40 is considered extreme obesity.
A nurse in a rural health center meets a new client, age 4. The nurse notices as the
client enters the clinic that his legs appear to be bowed. When he smiles, the nurse also
notes that his dentition is quite malformed for a child his age. What vitamin deficiency
would the nurse most suspect?
, a) Vitamin B
b) Vitamin A
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D - Answer-d) Vitamin D
Rationale:
Severe vitamin D deficiency manifests as rickets, osteomalacia, poor dentition, and
tetany.
A nurse calculates the BMI of a client during a general survey as 26. Under which
category would this client fall?
a) Normal
b) Obesity Class I
c) Overweight
d) Underweight - Answer-c) Overweight
Rationale:
A client with a BMI below 18.5 should be considered underweight. A client with a BMI of
18.5 to 24.9 is considered to be at a healthy weight. A client with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is
considered overweight; a client with a BMI of 30 or greater indicates obesity. A BMI
greater than 40 is considered extreme obesity.
A nurse is caring for a client reporting frequent nausea. Which food should the nurse
recommend to the client when the nausea is relieved?
a) Carbonated beverages
b) Boiled vegetables
c) Warm milk
d) Fruit juices - Answer-d) Fruit juices
Rationale:
Once nausea is relieved, assisting the client to resume fluid intake and nourishment
becomes a priority. The nurse starts this process gradually, offering sips of clear fluids,
such as fruit juices first. Bland foods, such as boiled vegetables, can be given but later.
Gelatin and carbonated beverages may not be appropriate for the client in this case.
A nurse is assessing a 70-year-old client with a reduced appetite. Which condition
contributes to reduced appetite and reduced nutritional intake in older adults?
a) lack of digestive enzymes
b) heart disease
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