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RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
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RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED 2024 - 2025
Inflammation,of,the,stomach's,mucosal,lining,(may,involve,the,entire,stomach,or,a,region),,ANS,-
,,Gastritis
_________Can,be,a,mild,,transient,irritation,,or,it,cab,be,a,severe,ulceration,with,hemorrhage,,ANS,-
,,Acute,Gastritis
_________,Usually,develops,suddenly,and,is,likely,to,be,accompanied,by,nausea,and,epigastric,pain,,ANS
,-,,Acute,Gastritis
_________,Gastritis,develops,gradually.,,ANS,-,,Chronic,Gastritis
Gastritis,can,be,further,categorized,as,erosive,or,nonerosive,,ANS,-,,Chronic,Gastritis
Symptoms,of:,Anorexia,,nausea,&,vomiting,,postprandial,discomfort,,and,hematemesis.,,ANS,-
,,Acute,Gastritis
Symptoms,of:,May,be,asymptomatic,,but,usually,accompanied,by,a,dull,epigastric,pain,and,a,sensation,of
,fullness,after,minimal,intake.,,ANS,-,,Chronic,Gastritis
Inflammation,of,the,stomach,and,intestines,,usually,because,of,an,infection,or,allergic,reaction,,ANS,-
,,Gastroenteritis
Usually,due,to,primary,inflammatory,disease,such,as,crohns,disease,,ANS,-,,Chronic,Gastroenteritis
Commonly,due,to,direct,infection,such,as,salmonella,from,raw,or,undercooked,chicken,or,eggs,,ANS,-
,,Acute,Gastroenteritis
Signs,&,Symptoms:,Diarrhea,,abdominal,discomfort,,pain,,nausea,,and,vomiting,,ANS,-,,Gastroenteritis
,Most,common,cause,of,chronic,gastritis,,ANS,-,,Helicobacter,pylori
Embeds,itself,in,the,mucous,layer,,activating,toxins,and,enzymes,that,cause,inflammation.,Genetic,vulner
ability,and,lifestyle,behaviors,(smoking,and,stress),may,increase,the,susceptibility,,ANS,-
,,Helicobacter,pylori
Other,causes,of?:,Organisms,transmitted,though,food,and,water,contamination,,long-
term,use,of,nonsteroidal,anti-
inflammatory,drugs,,excessive,alcohol,use,,severe,stress,,autoimmune,conditions,,and,other,chronic,dise
ase,,ANS,-,,Gastritis
Complications,of?:,Peptic,ulcers,,gastric,cancer,,and,hemorrhage,,ANS,-,,Chronic,Gastritis
Manifestations,of?:,Include,indigestion,,heartburn,,epigastric,pain,,abdominal,cramping,,nausea,,vomitin
g,,anorexia,,fever,,and,malaise.,Hematemesis,and,dark,,tarry,stools,can,indicate,ulceration,and,bleeding.,
,ANS,-,,Gastritis
Chyme,periodically,backs,up,from,the,stomach,into,the,esophagus.,Bile,can,also,back,up,into,the,esopha
gus.,,ANS,-,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
These,gastric,secretions,irritate,the,esophageal,mucosa,,ANS,-,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
Causes,of?:,certain,foods,(e.g.,,chocolate,,caffeine,,carbonated,beverages,,citrus,fruit,,tomatoes,,spicy,or,
fatty,foods,,and,peppermint),,alcohol,consumption,,nicotine,,hiatal,hernia,,obesity,,pregnancy,,certain,m
edications,(e.g.,,corticosteroids,,beta,blockers,,calcium-
channel,blockers,,and,anticholinergics),,nasogastric,intubation,,and,delayed,gastric,emptying,,ANS,-
,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
Manifestations,of?:,heartburn,,epigastric,pain,(usually,after,a,meal,or,when,recombinant),,dysphagia,,dry
,cough,,laryngitis,,pharyngitis,,regurgitation,of,food,,and,sensation,of,a,lump,in,the,throat.,,ANS,-
,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
, Complications,of?:,esophagitis,,strictures,,ulcerations,,esophageal,cancer,,and,chronic,pulmonary,diseas
e,,ANS,-,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
Often,confused,with,angina,and,may,warrant,ruling,out,cardiac,disease,,ANS,-
,,GERD,(Gastroesophageal,Reflux,Disease)
Lesions,affecting,the,lining,of,the,stomach,or,duodenum,,ANS,-,,Peptic,Ulcer,Disease,(PUD)
Risk,factors,of?:,being,male,,advancing,age,,nonsteroidal,anti-
inflammatory,drug,use,(NSAIDs),,H.,pylori,infections,,certain,gastric,tumors,,and,those,for,GERD.,,ANS,-
,,Peptic,Ulcer,Disease,(PUD)
Vary,in,severity,from,superficial,erosions,to,complete,penetration,through,the,GI,tract,wall.,Develops,bec
ause,of,an,imbalance,between,destructive,forces,and,protective,mechanisms,,ANS,-
,,Peptic,Ulcer,Disease,(PUD)
Types,of,Peptic,Ulcer,Disease,(PUD),,ANS,-,,Duodenal,Ulcers
Gastric,Ulcers
Stress,Ulcers
Most,commonly,associated,with,excessive,acid,or,H.,pylori,infections.,Typically,present,with,epigastric,pa
in,that,is,relieved,in,the,presence,of,food,,ANS,-,,Duodenal,ulcers
Less,frequent,but,more,deadly.,Typically,associated,with,malignancy,and,nonsteroidal,anti-
inflammatory,drugs.,Pain,typically,worsens,with,eating.,,ANS,-,,Gastric,Ulcers
Develop,because,of,a,major,physiological,stressor,on,the,body,due,to,local,tissue,ischemia,,tissue,acidosi
s,,bile,salts,entering,the,stomach,,and,decreased,GI,motility.,,ANS,-,,Stress,ulcers
Stress,ulcers,associated,with,burns,,ANS,-,,Curling's,ulcers
Stress,ulcers,associated,with,head,injuries,,ANS,-,,Cushing's,ulcers
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